Ophthalmology Department, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Mediators Inflamm. 2012;2012:196094. doi: 10.1155/2012/196094. Epub 2012 Sep 2.
Inflammation originating from infection of the vitreous cavity is called endophthalmitis. Attention has been focused on the epidemiologic, microbiologic reports, and treatment options; unfortunately, the role of the host immune reaction in the visual function damage is still not well understood. Endophthalmitis occurs most frequently after cataract surgery. In this paper we review the published literature regarding inflammatory mediators and apoptosis during the course of endophthalmitis. Toll-like receptors, cytokines, high-mobility group box 1 proteins, aB-crystallin and apoptosis have been studied during clinical and experimental cases of endophthalmitis. Further understanding of the host-immune reaction to vitreous infection is essential for the development of new therapies. The use of intravitreal antibiotics and corticosteroids, vitrectomy and systemic antibiotics for the preservation of visual function is still discouraging.
源于玻璃体腔感染的炎症称为眼内炎。人们关注的重点是流行病学、微生物学报告和治疗方案；不幸的是，宿主免疫反应在视力损害中的作用仍未得到很好的理解。眼内炎最常发生在白内障手术后。本文综述了有关眼内炎过程中炎症介质和细胞凋亡的文献。在眼内炎的临床和实验病例中，已经研究了 Toll 样受体、细胞因子、高迁移率族蛋白 1 蛋白、aB- 晶体蛋白和细胞凋亡。进一步了解宿主对玻璃体感染的免疫反应对于开发新疗法至关重要。为了保持视力，仍在使用玻璃体内抗生素和皮质类固醇、玻璃体切除术和全身抗生素，但效果并不理想。
