Wyss T, Von Vigier R O, Frey F, Mäder U
Swiss Federal Institute of Sports Magglingen SFISM, Magglingen, Switzerland.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2012 Oct;52(5):513-21.
The aim of this study was to quantify the discriminative power of physical performance tests to recognize conscripts with enhanced risk of acute and overuse injuries in specific, physically demanding occupational specialties of the Swiss Army. The five performance tests investigated represent the Swiss Army Physical Fitness Test Battery.
Physical fitness performances were assessed during recruitment procedures prior to military service, and injury occurrences were assessed during 18 weeks of boot camp. Complete fitness and injury data of 459 volunteers from four military occupational specialties were collected. Discriminative power of volunteers' aerobic endurance capacity, trunk muscle fitness, muscle power of upper and lower extremities, and balance for predicting risk of acute injuries and for predicting risk of overuse injuries was calculated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.
The presented fitness tests had no discriminative power for predicting the risk of acute injuries. However, the trunk muscle fitness test was discriminative in predicting overuse injuries in all four military occupational specialties, progressive endurance run in three, balance test in two, and standing long jump in one. Only the seated shot put had no significant power for predicting overuse injuries in all four study groups. However, for different occupational specialties, different fitness parameters were discriminative to predict overuse injuries.
It is possible to conclude that the fitness tests used allow detection of conscripts with enhanced overuse injury risk in physically demanding occupational specialties and therefore provide an indicator to select suitable personnel for physically demanding jobs in a military organization.
本研究旨在量化体能测试的辨别能力，以识别瑞士军队中在特定体力要求较高的职业专业中急性和过度使用损伤风险增加的新兵。所研究的五项体能测试代表了瑞士军队体能测试组合。
在兵役前的招募过程中评估体能表现，并在新兵训练营的18周内评估受伤情况。收集了来自四个军事职业专业的459名志愿者的完整体能和受伤数据。使用受试者工作特征曲线分析计算志愿者的有氧耐力能力、躯干肌肉适应性、上下肢肌肉力量和平衡能力对预测急性损伤风险和预测过度使用损伤风险的辨别能力。
所呈现的体能测试对预测急性损伤风险没有辨别能力。然而，躯干肌肉适应性测试在预测所有四个军事职业专业的过度使用损伤方面具有辨别能力，渐进耐力跑在三个专业中具有辨别能力，平衡测试在两个专业中具有辨别能力，立定跳远在一个专业中具有辨别能力。只有坐姿推铅球在所有四个研究组中对预测过度使用损伤没有显著能力。然而，对于不同的职业专业，不同的体能参数对预测过度使用损伤具有辨别能力。
可以得出结论，所使用的体能测试能够检测出在体力要求较高的职业专业中过度使用损伤风险增加的新兵，因此为军事组织中体力要求较高的工作选拔合适人员提供了一个指标。
