Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, Peoria, IL, USA.
FEMS Yeast Res. 2013 Feb;13(1):23-33. doi: 10.1111/1567-1364.12006. Epub 2012 Oct 26.
Relationships among ascomycetous yeast genera (subphylum Saccharomycotina, phylum Ascomycota) have been uncertain. In the present study, type species of 70 currently recognized genera are compared from divergence in the nearly entire nuclear gene sequences for large subunit rRNA, small subunit (SSU) rRNA, translation elongation factor-1α, and RNA polymerase II, subunits 1 (RPB1) and 2 (RPB2). The analysis substantiates earlier proposals that all known ascomycetous yeast genera now assigned to the Saccharomycotina represent a single clade. Maximum likelihood analysis resolved the taxa into eight large multigenus clades and four-one- and two-genus clades. Maximum parsimony and neighbor-joining analyses gave similar results. Genera of the family Saccharomycetaceae remain as one large clade as previously demonstrated, to which the genus Cyniclomyces is now assigned. Pichia, Saturnispora, Kregervanrija, Dekkera, Ogataea and Ambrosiozyma are members of a single large clade, which is separate from the clade that includes Barnettozyma, Cyberlindnera, Phaffomyces, Starmera and Wickerhamomyces. Other clades include Kodamaea, Metschnikowia, Debaryomyces, Cephaloascus and related genera, which are separate from the clade that includes Zygoascus, Trichomonascus, Yarrowia and others. This study once again demonstrates that there is limited congruence between a system of classification based on phenotype and a system determined from DNA sequences.
子囊菌酵母属（子囊菌门，子囊菌纲）之间的关系一直不确定。在本研究中，比较了 70 个目前公认的属的模式种，这些属的核基因序列包括大亚基 rRNA、小亚基（SSU）rRNA、翻译延伸因子-1α 和 RNA 聚合酶 II 的亚基 1（RPB1）和 2（RPB2）。该分析证实了早期的建议，即现在归入 Saccharomycotina 的所有已知子囊菌酵母属都代表一个单一的进化枝。最大似然分析将分类单元分为 8 个大的多属进化枝和 4 个单属和 2 个属进化枝。最大简约法和邻接法分析得到了相似的结果。酿酒酵母科的属仍然是一个大的进化枝，如前所述，现在将 Cyniclomyces 属归入其中。毕赤酵母属、土星孢子菌属、Kregervanrija 属、德克酵母属、Ogataea 属和 Ambrosiozyma 属是一个单独的大进化枝的成员，与包括 Barnettozyma 属、Cyberlindnera 属、Phaffomyces 属、Starmera 属和 Wickerhamomyces 属在内的进化枝不同。其他进化枝包括 Kodamaea 属、Metschnikowia 属、德巴利酵母属、Cephaloascus 属和相关属，它们与包括 Zygoascus 属、Trichomonascus 属、Yarrowia 属和其他属在内的进化枝不同。本研究再次表明，基于表型的分类系统与基于 DNA 序列的系统之间存在有限的一致性。
