Cure for Life Foundation for Neuro-Oncology, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2012 Nov;138(11):1789-97. doi: 10.1007/s00432-012-1312-1. Epub 2012 Sep 18.
Glioblastoma is a universally fatal cancer of the central nervous system which responds poorly to treatment. MGMT has potential as a predictive biomarker in glioblastoma patients to determine treatment response. However, methods of measuring MGMT are currently unsatisfactory, and as such, use of this marker has not translated well into the clinic. This paper aims to review current methodology of MGMT measurement, with a focus on immunohistochemistry as a potential way forward. TOPICS AND METHODS: Studies of glioma patients where MGMT immunohistochemistry was undertaken, as well as the literature surrounding methylation analyses and the regulation of MGMT, were reviewed.
All methods of measuring MGMT were disputed in some way in the literature. A trend of discordance between methylation analyses and protein analyses was present. There is a lack of standardisation in the measurement of MGMT, and as a result, it seems that there are highly variable results.
No single method of MGMT analysis has emerged as a clear choice for routine clinical testing of MGMT in glioma patients. Although methylation analyses are favoured, their expense and inaccessibility are barriers to their use in routine clinical practice. More research into immunohistochemistry is needed to determine whether it can serve as a reliable and cost-effective alternative to methylation analyses.
胶质母细胞瘤是一种普遍致命的中枢神经系统癌症，对治疗反应不佳。MGMT 有可能成为胶质母细胞瘤患者的预测性生物标志物，以确定治疗反应。然而，目前测量 MGMT 的方法并不令人满意，因此，该标志物的使用尚未很好地转化为临床实践。本文旨在回顾目前 MGMT 测量的方法，重点关注免疫组织化学作为一种潜在的前进方向。
回顾了进行 MGMT 免疫组织化学的胶质瘤患者的研究，以及围绕甲基化分析和 MGMT 调节的文献。
在文献中，所有测量 MGMT 的方法都在某种程度上存在争议。甲基化分析和蛋白分析之间存在不一致的趋势。MGMT 的测量缺乏标准化，因此，结果似乎存在高度的可变性。
目前，没有一种 MGMT 分析方法能够成为胶质母细胞瘤患者常规临床检测 MGMT 的明确选择。尽管甲基化分析受到青睐，但它们的费用和不可及性是其在常规临床实践中应用的障碍。需要进一步研究免疫组织化学，以确定它是否可以作为甲基化分析的可靠且具有成本效益的替代方法。
