Deeb B J, DiGiacomo R F, Bernard B L, Silbernagel S M
Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
J Clin Microbiol. 1990 Jan;28(1):70-5. doi: 10.1128/jcm.28.1.70-75.1990.
The natural history of infection with Pasteurella multocida and Bordetella bronchiseptica in domestic rabbits was studied prospectively at a commercial rabbitry. At weaning, about 25% of rabbits had nasal infections with P. multocida and 75% had infections with B. bronchiseptica. Infection of weanling rabbits paralleled nasal infections of their dams. The proportion of rabbits with both infections increased with age. At 2 to 4 months old, about 50% of rabbits with P. multocida or P. multocida and B. bronchiseptica infections had upper respiratory disease (URD), whereas rabbits with B. bronchiseptica infection had no disease. In rabbits about 10 months old, 75% with P. multocida or P. multocida and B. bronchiseptica infections had URD, whereas virtually none with B. bronchiseptica infection had disease. Disease of the nares, paranasal sinuses, middle ears, and lungs was associated with P. multocida and not B. bronchiseptica infection. In adult rabbits with nasal P. multocida infection, with or without signs of URD, about 80% had concurrent infection of the paranasal sinuses and middle ears and 20% had infection of the bronchi and lungs. In rabbits without nasal P. multocida infection, 20 to 35% had P. multocida infection of the paranasal sinuses and middle ears. Weanling rabbits with and without P. multocida infection had similar immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. In rabbits observed prospectively, the only antibody differences between those transiently and persistently infected with P. multocida were a diminished IgA response in nasal lavages and an earlier IgM response in sera of transiently infected rabbits. IgG levels increased with the duration of infection. There was no relationship between immunoglobulin levels and freedom from P. multocida infection.
在一家商业养兔场对家兔感染多杀巴斯德菌和支气管败血波氏杆菌的自然史进行了前瞻性研究。断奶时，约25%的兔子有鼻多杀巴斯德菌感染，75%有支气管败血波氏杆菌感染。断奶幼兔的感染情况与其母兔的鼻感染情况相似。同时感染两种菌的兔子比例随年龄增加。2至4月龄时，约50%感染多杀巴斯德菌或同时感染多杀巴斯德菌和支气管败血波氏杆菌的兔子患有上呼吸道疾病（URD），而感染支气管败血波氏杆菌的兔子无疾病。在约10月龄的兔子中，75%感染多杀巴斯德菌或同时感染多杀巴斯德菌和支气管败血波氏杆菌的兔子患有URD，而几乎没有感染支气管败血波氏杆菌的兔子患病。鼻腔、鼻窦、中耳和肺部疾病与多杀巴斯德菌感染有关，而非支气管败血波氏杆菌感染。在有鼻多杀巴斯德菌感染的成年兔子中，无论有无URD体征，约80%同时有鼻窦和中耳感染，20%有支气管和肺部感染。在无鼻多杀巴斯德菌感染的兔子中，20%至35%有鼻窦和中耳多杀巴斯德菌感染。有无多杀巴斯德菌感染的断奶幼兔免疫球蛋白G（IgG）水平相似。在前瞻性观察的兔子中，短暂感染和持续感染多杀巴斯德菌的兔子之间唯一的抗体差异是鼻腔灌洗液中IgA反应减弱，以及短暂感染兔子血清中IgM反应较早。IgG水平随感染持续时间增加。免疫球蛋白水平与无多杀巴斯德菌感染之间无关联。
