VP Nutrition & Research, Athletes' Performance & Core Performance, 2629 E Rose, Garden Lane, Phoenix, AZ, 85050, USA.
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Sep 19;9(1):44. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-9-44.
Although studies have investigated the effects of hydration on performance measures, few studies have investigated how the temperature of the ingested liquid affects performance and core temperature during an exercise session. The hypothesis of the present study was that cold water would improve thermoregulation and performance as measured by bench repetitions to fatigue, broad jump for force and power and total time to exhaustion for cardiovascular fitness
Forty-five, physically fit, adult males (30.28 ± 5.4 yr, 1.77 ± 7.8 m, 83.46 ± 11.5 kg; 13.7 ± 4.8 %BF; 49.8 ± 6.3 ml/kg/min V02) completed two 60-minute exercise sessions. Subjects consumed either COLD (4°C) or room temperature (RT) water (22°C) in randomized order. Core temperature was measured every 15 minutes throughout each trial using a digestible thermometer. Three performance tests were performed upon completion of the exercise session: bench press to fatigue, standing broad jump, and bicycle time to exhaustion
Although both groups significantly increased their core temperature (p<0.001) over the course of the exercise session and presented a significant decline in hydration status (p<0.001), participants in the COLD water trial had a significantly (p=0.024) smaller rise in core temperature (0.83°) over the duration of the trial in comparison to RT (1.13°). The participants in the COLD water trial were able to delay their increase in core body temperature for at least 30 minutes, whereas participants in the RT trial increased body temperature from baseline after 15 minutes. There was no significant difference between the COLD or the RT trials in broad jump and TTE performance tests. Bench press showed a small, albeit significant (p=0.046), decrease in performance when drinking COLD CONCLUSION: Drinking cold water can significantly mediate and delay the increase in core body temperature during an exercise session in a moderate climate with euhydrated subjects. The ingestion of COLD improved performance for 49% and 51% of the participants in the broad jump and TTE performance tests respectively, but did not reach statistical significance. Moreover, although minimal, subjects experienced a decrease in performance on the bench press during the COLD.
虽然已有研究探讨了水合作用对运动表现的影响，但很少有研究探讨摄入液体的温度如何在运动过程中影响运动表现和核心体温。本研究的假设是，冷水会改善体温调节和运动表现，表现在疲劳时的 bench 重复次数、跳远的力量和功率以及心血管健康的总衰竭时间。
45 名身体健康的成年男性（30.28±5.4 岁，1.77±7.8m，83.46±11.5kg；13.7±4.8%BF；49.8±6.3ml/kg/min VO2）完成了两次 60 分钟的运动。受试者以随机顺序分别饮用冷水（4°C）或室温（22°C）水。在每次试验过程中，每隔 15 分钟使用可消化温度计测量核心体温。运动后完成三项运动表现测试：疲劳时的 bench press、立定跳远和自行车衰竭时间。
尽管两组在运动过程中核心体温均显著升高（p<0.001），且水合状态均显著下降（p<0.001），但冷水组在整个试验过程中核心体温升高幅度明显较小（p=0.024）（0.83°C）与 RT 组（1.13°C）相比。冷水组的参与者至少能将核心体温升高延迟 30 分钟，而 RT 组的参与者在 15 分钟后就开始从基础体温上升。在跳远和 TTE 运动表现测试中，冷水组和 RT 组之间没有显著差异。虽然 bench press 表现有轻微但显著的下降（p=0.046），但在适度气候下，饮用冷水可以显著调节和延迟运动过程中的核心体温升高。在本研究中，摄入冷水分别使 49%和 51%的参与者在跳远和 TTE 运动表现测试中的表现得到改善，但未达到统计学意义。此外，尽管程度较小，在 bench press 测试中，参与者在摄入冷水时的表现也有所下降。
