Huuskonen Vilhelmiina, Hughes J M Lynne, Estaca Bañon Elisa, West Eleanor
UCD Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2013 Jan;40(1):74-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2012.00775.x. Epub 2012 Sep 21.
To investigate whether intratesticular injection of lidocaine pre-surgery would reduce the intraoperative responses to elective castration in dogs.
Double-blinded, randomized, controlled, prospective clinical study.
Forty-two client-owned dogs weighing 2.2-38.4 kg and aged between 4.5 and 56 months.
Group L dogs received an intratesticular injection of 2% lidocaine (2 mg kg(-1)) and Group S an identical volume of saline prior to surgery. Premedication was with acepromazine and morphine intramuscularly. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol intravenously and maintained with isoflurane vaporized in oxygen. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiratory rate (f(R)), end-tidal isoflurane (Fe'ISO) and carbon dioxide concentrations, oxygen saturation and ECG were monitored during surgery. Fe'ISO was maintained at 1.0±0.1%. Supplemental propofol was given in response to gross movement.
Group L had significantly lower maximum values for both HR and MAP. Group L displayed significantly smaller increases in HR during exteriorization of the first testis than Group S. There was an overall significant difference in MAP between groups during all surgical events (p=0.041) and time points (p=0.002). In univariate analysis, Group L showed significantly less changes in MAP during skin incision, exteriorization of the first testis and clamping of both spermatic cords. Group S reached its highest f(R) significantly earlier. Group L (eight dogs) required additional propofol 33±18 minutes after the start of surgery and Group S (seven dogs) at 19±17 minutes; this difference was not statistically significant. Seven dogs in Group L and 12 dogs in Group S required rescue analgesia with morphine (GCMPS-SF score ≥6); this difference was not statistically significant. No adverse effects were reported postoperatively.
Based on this study, the authors recommend the use of intratesticular lidocaine for surgical castration in dogs.
研究术前睾丸内注射利多卡因是否会降低犬择期去势手术中的术中反应。
双盲、随机、对照、前瞻性临床研究。
42只客户拥有的犬，体重2.2 - 38.4千克，年龄在4.5至56个月之间。
L组犬在手术前接受2%利多卡因（2毫克/千克）睾丸内注射，S组注射相同体积的生理盐水。术前用药为肌内注射乙酰丙嗪和吗啡。静脉注射丙泊酚诱导麻醉，并用氧气中蒸发的异氟醚维持麻醉。手术期间监测心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）、呼吸频率（f(R)）、呼气末异氟醚（Fe'ISO）和二氧化碳浓度、氧饱和度及心电图。Fe'ISO维持在1.0±0.1%。根据明显的肢体活动给予补充丙泊酚。
L组的HR和MAP最大值显著较低。L组在第一个睾丸露出过程中HR的增加显著小于S组。在所有手术过程（p = 0.041）和时间点（p = 0.002），两组间MAP总体存在显著差异。单因素分析中，L组在皮肤切开、第一个睾丸露出和双侧精索钳夹期间MAP的变化显著较小。S组显著更早达到其最高f(R)。L组（8只犬）在手术开始后33±18分钟需要补充丙泊酚，S组（7只犬）在19±17分钟需要；这种差异无统计学意义。L组7只犬和S组12只犬需要用吗啡进行急救镇痛（GCMPS - SF评分≥6）；这种差异无统计学意义。术后未报告不良反应。
基于本研究，作者推荐在犬去势手术中使用睾丸内利多卡因。
