Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Tadeusa Koscuska 1, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
Public Health Nutr. 2013 May;16(5):824-40. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012004077. Epub 2012 Sep 21.
To compare micronutrient intakes and status in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) with those in other European countries and with reference values.
Review of the micronutrient intake/status data from open access and grey literature sources from CEE.
Micronutrients studied were folate, iodine, Fe, vitamin B12 and Zn (for intake and status) and Ca, Cu, Se, vitamin C and vitamin D (for intake). Intake data were based on validated dietary assessment methods; mean intakes were compared with average nutrient requirements set by the Nordic countries or the US Institute of Medicine. Nutritional status was assessed using the status biomarkers and cut-off levels recommended primarily by the WHO.
For all population groups in CEE, the mean intake and mean/median status levels were compared between countries and regions: CEE, Scandinavia, Western Europe and Mediterranean.
Mean micronutrient intakes of adults in the CEE region were in the same range as those from other European regions, with exception of Ca (lower in CEE). CEE children and adolescents had poorer iodine status, and intakes of Ca, folate and vitamin D were below the reference values.
CEE countries are lacking comparable studies on micronutrient intake/status across all age ranges, especially in children. Available evidence showed no differences in micronutrient intake/status in CEE populations in comparison with other European regions, except for Ca intake in adults and iodine and Fe status in children. The identified knowledge gaps urge further research on micronutrient intake/status of CEE populations to make a basis for evidence-based nutrition policy.
比较中欧和东欧（CEE）与其他欧洲国家的微量营养素摄入量和状况，并与参考值进行比较。
审查来自 CEE 的公开获取和灰色文献来源的微量营养素摄入量/状况数据。
研究的微量营养素包括叶酸、碘、铁、维生素 B12 和锌（用于摄入量和状况）以及钙、铜、硒、维生素 C 和维生素 D（用于摄入量）。摄入量数据基于经过验证的饮食评估方法；平均摄入量与北欧国家或美国医学研究所设定的平均营养素需求进行了比较。营养状况使用主要由世界卫生组织推荐的状态生物标志物和临界值进行评估。
对于 CEE 的所有人群组，在国家和地区之间比较了 CEE、斯堪的纳维亚、西欧和地中海地区的平均摄入量和平均/中位数状况水平：CEE、斯堪的纳维亚、西欧和地中海。
CEE 地区成年人的平均微量营养素摄入量与其他欧洲地区相当，除了钙（CEE 较低）。CEE 儿童和青少年的碘状况较差，钙、叶酸和维生素 D 的摄入量低于参考值。
CEE 国家缺乏针对所有年龄组的微量营养素摄入量/状况的可比研究，尤其是在儿童中。现有证据表明，与其他欧洲地区相比，CEE 人群的微量营养素摄入量/状况没有差异，除了成年人的钙摄入量和儿童的碘和铁状况。已确定的知识差距敦促进一步研究 CEE 人群的微量营养素摄入量/状况，为循证营养政策奠定基础。
