The Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, The Blizard Institute, Centre for Paediatrics, and Stem Cell Laboratory, National Centre for Bowel Research and Surgical Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
Nat Rev Cancer. 2012 Oct;12(10):721-32. doi: 10.1038/nrc3355. Epub 2012 Sep 21.
If assessed by a number of criteria for cancer predisposition, Down's syndrome (DS) should be an overwhelmingly cancer-prone condition. Although childhood leukaemias occur more frequently in DS, paradoxically, individuals with DS have a markedly lower incidence of most solid tumours. Understanding the mechanisms that are capable of overcoming such odds could potentially open new routes for cancer prevention and therapy. In this Opinion article, we discuss recent reports that suggest unique and only partially understood mechanisms behind this paradox, including tumour repression, anti-angiogenic effects and stem cell ageing and availability.
如果根据多种癌症易感性标准进行评估，唐氏综合征（Down's syndrome，DS）应该是一种极易患癌的疾病。尽管 DS 患儿中白血病更为常见，但矛盾的是，DS 患者大多数实体瘤的发病率却明显降低。了解能够克服这种不利局面的机制可能为癌症预防和治疗开辟新途径。在这篇观点文章中，我们讨论了最近的一些报告，这些报告表明，这种矛盾背后存在独特且部分尚未被理解的机制，包括肿瘤抑制、抗血管生成作用以及干细胞衰老和可用性。
