Research Group on Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Caldas, Manizales, Colombia.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2013 Aug;28(8):813-20. doi: 10.1002/gps.3885. Epub 2012 Sep 20.
The objectives of this study were to report on the use of the Spanish version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-S) as cognitive screening tool in a population aged 65 to 74 years in the Andes Mountains of Colombia, assessing the influence of education, and to examine its test-retest reliability.
We performed a cross-sectional study of 150 subjects aged 65 to 74 years recruited from older community social centers in Manizales, Colombia. The Leganes Cognitive Test (LCT), a cognitive screening test for populations with low education, was used to exclude those who were likely to have dementia. The associations between the MoCA total score and cognitive domains and education were examined in the total sample and in those likely free of dementia. MoCA-S test-retest reliability was estimated by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between two measurements taken 7 days apart.
Participants had low levels of formal education (mean years of schooling, 4.8). According to the LCT, the proportion of people screening positive for dementia was 16% (n = 24). The mean MoCA-S scores were 16.1/30 among illiterate subjects, 18.2/30 among those with incomplete primary school, and 20.3/30 among those with complete primary school (p < 0.001). Errors were frequent in the cube and clock drawing, attention-serial subtraction, verbal fluency, and abstraction. Test-retest reliability was high, ICC = 0.86, 95% CI (0.76-0.93).
The MoCA-S has high reliability in low-educated older Colombians, but scores were strongly dependent on years of education. Social and cultural factors must be considered when interpreting MoCA-S given the high error rates on items that depend on the ability to read and write and on culture.
本研究旨在报告在哥伦比亚安第斯山脉年龄在 65 至 74 岁的人群中使用西班牙语版蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA-S）作为认知筛查工具的情况，评估教育的影响，并检验其重测信度。
我们对哥伦比亚马拉开佩斯的老年人社区社交中心招募的 150 名年龄在 65 至 74 岁的受试者进行了横断面研究。使用认知筛查测试 Leganes 认知测试（LCT）排除那些可能患有痴呆的人，LCT 用于教育程度较低的人群。在总样本和那些可能没有痴呆的人群中，检查了 MoCA 总分和认知域与教育的相关性。MoCA-S 的重测信度通过两次相隔 7 天的测量之间的组内相关系数（ICC）来估计。
参与者的正规教育水平较低（平均受教育年限为 4.8 年）。根据 LCT，筛查出痴呆的比例为 16%（n=24）。文盲受试者的 MoCA-S 平均得分为 16.1/30，未完成小学教育的受试者得分为 18.2/30，完成小学教育的受试者得分为 20.3/30（p<0.001）。在立方体和时钟绘图、注意力连续减法、语言流畅性和抽象思维方面错误频繁。重测信度较高，ICC=0.86，95%置信区间（0.76-0.93）。
MoCA-S 在受教育程度较低的哥伦比亚老年人中具有较高的可靠性，但分数强烈依赖于受教育年限。在解释 MoCA-S 时，必须考虑社会和文化因素，因为依赖阅读和写作能力以及文化的项目存在较高的错误率。
