Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, SGGW, Nowoursynowska St 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
Plant Cell Rep. 2013 Jan;32(1):1-9. doi: 10.1007/s00299-012-1342-9. Epub 2012 Sep 25.
Rye is one of the most important crops in Eastern and Northern Europe. Despite the numerous beneficial features of rye, its annual production decreases successively which correlates with the lack of progress in its breeding compared with other cereals. Biotechnological methods could effectively improve the breeding of rye. However, their application is highly limited by the absence of an efficient procedure for plant regeneration in vitro, since rye is one of the most recalcitrant cereals with regard to the tissue culture response (TCR), and successful regeneration is highly dependent on genotype. Efforts to understand the genetic mechanisms controlling TCR of rye have elucidated some basic aspects, and several genes and genome regions controlling this trait have been identified. The aim of this review is to summarize the limited current knowledge of this topic.
黑麦是东欧和北欧最重要的作物之一。尽管黑麦具有许多有益的特性，但它的年产量却在逐渐减少，这与它的育种进展与其他谷物相比相对缓慢有关。生物技术方法可以有效地改进黑麦的育种。然而，由于缺乏有效的体外植物再生程序，它们的应用受到了极大的限制，因为黑麦是组织培养反应（TCR）最顽固的谷物之一，成功的再生高度依赖于基因型。为了理解控制黑麦 TCR 的遗传机制，人们已经阐明了一些基本方面，并且已经鉴定出了几个控制该性状的基因和基因组区域。本文的目的是总结这一主题目前有限的知识。
