Ghabrah T M, Bahnassy A A, Abalkhail B A, Al-Bar H M, Milaat W A
Community Medicine & Primary Health Care Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
J Family Community Med. 1997 Jul;4(2):55-63.
To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted during 1994 on a sample of students selected from 49 public schools using a multistage stratified random sampling technique. For all students, an interview was conducted and anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were obtained. Fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels on a capillary blood sample were measured using Accutrend for a subsample of students.
Of the 4042 students selected, 71% were males and the overall mean age was 15.3 ± 2.7 years. After age adjustment, about 23% of the students were found overweight. In addition, 6.4% and 9% of the students were found to have systolic and diastolic hypertension, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between males and females. Among 1432 students, 4% of males and 2% of females had hypercholesterolemia (p=0.06). Hyperglycemia was found in 0.4% of males and 0.6% of females. Among 1834 students in the 9(th) to 12(th) grades, 6.9% of males and 0.5% of females were current cigarette smokers.
Since attitudes and behaviors that influence future health are established during childhood and adolescence, intervention to prevent cardiovascular diseases (in adult life) should take place in childhood and youth to reduce the risk factors and schools have a great role to play in the promotion of good health.
确定沙特阿拉伯吉达市学生心血管危险因素的患病率。
1994年采用多阶段分层随机抽样技术，对从49所公立学校选取的学生样本进行了一项横断面研究。对所有学生进行了访谈，并测量了人体测量学指标和血压。使用Accutrend对部分学生的毛细血管血样测量空腹血糖和总胆固醇水平。
在选取的4042名学生中，71%为男性，总体平均年龄为15.3±2.7岁。年龄调整后，约23%的学生超重。此外，分别有6.4%和9%的学生患有收缩期和舒张期高血压，男女之间无统计学显著差异。在1432名学生中，4%的男性和2%的女性患有高胆固醇血症（p=0.06）。男性和女性的高血糖患病率分别为0.4%和0.6%。在9至12年级的1834名学生中，6.9%的男性和0.5%的女性为当前吸烟者。
由于影响未来健康的态度和行为在儿童期和青少年期就已形成，预防（成年期）心血管疾病的干预措施应在儿童期和青年期进行，以降低危险因素，学校在促进健康方面可发挥重要作用。
