Alharthi Faisal Saed, Alrahimi Jamilah Saad, Alotaibi Abdulrahman Ali, Alhamdi Daniah Ahmed, Ibrahim Bashair Mohammed, Badeeb Yasmina Aymen
King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
King Faisal Cardiac Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Cardiol Res. 2017 Jun;8(3):111-116. doi: 10.14740/cr566w. Epub 2017 Jun 30.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the first leading cause of death worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, CVDs are the major killers with a mortality rate of 46%. CVD risk factors are not exclusive to old populations. Thus, the purpose of this study was to approximately find the prevalence of these risk factors, particularly high blood pressure (HBP), high blood glucose (HBG), obesity, and smoking.
This cross-sectional was conducted in May 2016 and took place in the Ambulatory Care Center of King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah. We used a non-probability convenience sampling technique where only individuals aged 20 - 40 who were free of medical illnesses were included. We excluded pregnant women and people on medications that might interfere with our measurements. We obtained a brief history and measured blood pressure, blood glucose, height and weight. Data analysis was done in form of frequencies. Chi-square test was utilized to compare qualitative variables. P < 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance.
A total of 507 participants were included (76.3% males and 23.7% females). All participants were between 20 and 40 with a mean age of 31.6 ± 6.06 SD. We found the prevalence of undiagnosed HBP to be 8.3% and males showed a significantly higher percentage (P < 0.001) when compared to females. HBG prevalence was only 0.6%. Regarding body mass index, the prevalence of overweight and obesity together was 66.3% and males showed significantly higher percentage in falling in this category (P < 0.001). Smoking prevalence was 37.9% with a significantly higher percentage among males (P < 0.001).
CVD risk factors are apparently quite common in young adults. Efforts must be made to increase the public awareness regarding these risk factors. CVDs are not exclusive to old people. Thus, the public should appreciate this fact in order to prevent these risk factors by establishing healthy life-styles.
心血管疾病（CVDs）是全球首要的死亡原因。在沙特阿拉伯，心血管疾病是主要杀手，死亡率达46%。心血管疾病风险因素并非老年人所独有。因此，本研究的目的是大致找出这些风险因素的患病率，特别是高血压（HBP）、高血糖（HBG）、肥胖和吸烟。
本横断面研究于2016年5月在吉达阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王医疗城的门诊护理中心进行。我们采用非概率便利抽样技术，仅纳入年龄在20至40岁且无疾病的个体。我们排除了孕妇和正在服用可能干扰我们测量的药物的人群。我们获取了简要病史并测量了血压、血糖、身高和体重。数据分析以频率形式进行。采用卡方检验比较定性变量。P < 0.05用于确定统计学意义。
共纳入507名参与者（男性占76.3%，女性占23.7%）。所有参与者年龄在20至40岁之间，平均年龄为31.6 ± 6.06标准差。我们发现未诊断出的高血压患病率为8.3%，与女性相比，男性的患病率显著更高（P < 0.001）。高血糖患病率仅为0.6%。关于体重指数，超重和肥胖的总患病率为66.3%，男性在这一类别中的患病率显著更高（P < 0.001）。吸烟患病率为37.9%，男性中的患病率显著更高（P < 0.001）。
心血管疾病风险因素在年轻人中显然相当普遍。必须努力提高公众对这些风险因素的认识。心血管疾病并非老年人所独有。因此，公众应该认识到这一事实，以便通过建立健康的生活方式来预防这些风险因素。
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