Anderson Peter D, Bokor Gyula
Forensic Pharmacologist Private Practice, Randolph, MA 02368, USA.
J Pharm Pract. 2012 Oct;25(5):521-9. doi: 10.1177/0897190012456366.
Biowarfare has been used for centuries. The use of biological weapons in terrorism remains a threat. Biological weapons include infectious agents (pathogens) and toxins. The most devastating bioterrorism scenario would be the airborne dispersal of pathogens over a concentrated population area. Characteristics that make a specific pathogen a high-risk for bioterrorism include a low infective dose, ability to be aerosolized, high contagiousness, and survival in a variety of environmental conditions. The most dangerous potential bioterrorism agents include the microorganisms that produce anthrax, plague, tularemia, and smallpox. Other diseases of interest to bioterrorism include brucellosis, glanders, melioidosis, Q fever, and viral encephalitis. Food safety and water safety threats are another area of concern.
生物战已经被使用了几个世纪。在恐怖主义活动中使用生物武器仍然是一种威胁。生物武器包括传染性病原体和毒素。最具毁灭性的生物恐怖主义场景将是病原体在密集人口区域上空通过空气传播扩散。使特定病原体成为生物恐怖主义高风险因素的特征包括低感染剂量、形成气溶胶的能力、高传染性以及在各种环境条件下的生存能力。最危险的潜在生物恐怖主义病原体包括产生炭疽、鼠疫、兔热病和天花的微生物。生物恐怖主义关注的其他疾病包括布鲁氏菌病、马鼻疽、类鼻疽、Q热和病毒性脑炎。食品安全和水安全威胁是另一个令人担忧的领域。
