School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2012;12(7):9635-65. doi: 10.3390/s120709635. Epub 2012 Jul 16.
Sensing technology has been widely investigated and utilized for gas detection. Due to the different applicability and inherent limitations of different gas sensing technologies, researchers have been working on different scenarios with enhanced gas sensor calibration. This paper reviews the descriptions, evaluation, comparison and recent developments in existing gas sensing technologies. A classification of sensing technologies is given, based on the variation of electrical and other properties. Detailed introduction to sensing methods based on electrical variation is discussed through further classification according to sensing materials, including metal oxide semiconductors, polymers, carbon nanotubes, and moisture absorbing materials. Methods based on other kinds of variations such as optical, calorimetric, acoustic and gas-chromatographic, are presented in a general way. Several suggestions related to future development are also discussed. Furthermore, this paper focuses on sensitivity and selectivity for performance indicators to compare different sensing technologies, analyzes the factors that influence these two indicators, and lists several corresponding improved approaches.
传感技术已被广泛研究和应用于气体检测。由于不同气体传感技术的适用性和固有局限性不同，研究人员一直在针对不同的场景进行增强气体传感器校准的工作。本文综述了现有气体传感技术的描述、评估、比较和最新进展。根据电性能和其他性能的变化，对传感技术进行了分类。通过根据传感材料进一步分类，详细介绍了基于电变化的传感方法，包括金属氧化物半导体、聚合物、碳纳米管和吸湿材料。以光学、量热法、声学和气相色谱等其他类型的变化为基础的方法则以一种通用的方式呈现。本文还讨论了与未来发展相关的几个建议。此外，本文重点关注性能指标的灵敏度和选择性来比较不同的传感技术，分析影响这两个指标的因素，并列出了几种相应的改进方法。
