University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Sports Health. 2009 May;1(3):242-6. doi: 10.1177/1941738109334272.
Various epidemiological studies have estimated that up to 70% of runners sustain an overuse running injury each year. Although few overuse running injuries have an established cause, more than 80% of running-related injuries occur at or below the knee, which suggests that some common mechanisms may be at work. The question then becomes, are there common mechanisms related to overuse running injuries?
RESEARCH STUDIES WERE IDENTIFIED VIA THE FOLLOWING ELECTRONIC DATABASES: MEDLINE, EMBASE PsycInfo, and CINAHL (1980-July 2008). Inclusion was based on evaluation of risk factors for overuse running injuries.
A majority of the risk factors that have been researched over the past few years can be generally categorized into 2 groups: atypical foot pronation mechanics and inadequate hip muscle stabilization.
Based on the review of literature, there is no definitive link between atypical foot mechanics and running injury mechanisms. The lack of normative data and a definition of typical foot structure has hampered progress. In contrast, a large and growing body of literature suggests that weakness of hip-stabilizing muscles leads to atypical lower extremity mechanics and increased forces within the lower extremity while running.
多项流行病学研究估计，每年多达 70%的跑步者会遭受过度使用跑步造成的损伤。虽然少数过度使用跑步造成的损伤有明确的病因，但超过 80%的与跑步相关的损伤发生在膝部或其以下，这表明某些常见的机制可能在起作用。那么问题就变成了，过度使用跑步造成的损伤是否存在共同的机制？
通过以下电子数据库检索到研究文献：MEDLINE、EMBASE PsycInfo 和 CINAHL（1980 年-2008 年 7 月）。纳入标准是基于对过度使用跑步造成的损伤的危险因素的评估。
过去几年研究的大多数危险因素可以大致分为两组：非典型足旋前力学和髋关节肌肉稳定性不足。
根据文献综述，非典型足部力学与跑步损伤机制之间没有明确的联系。缺乏规范的数据和对典型足部结构的定义阻碍了研究的进展。相比之下，大量不断增加的文献表明，髋关节稳定肌肉的无力会导致下肢非典型力学，并在跑步时增加下肢的力量。
