Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York.
Sports Health. 2010 Jul;2(4):284-90. doi: 10.1177/1941738109357303.
Injury patterns in elite athletes over long periods continue to evolve. The goal of this study was to review of the injuries and medical conditions afflicting athletes competing in the National Basketball Association (NBA) over a 17-year period.
Descriptive epidemiological study.
Injuries and player demographic information were reported by each team's athletic trainer. Criteria for reportable injuries were those that resulted in (1) physician referral, (2) a practice or game being missed, or (3) emergency care. The demographics, frequency of injury, time lost, and game exposures were tabulated, and game-related injury rates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.
A total of 1094 players appeared in the database 3843 times (3.3 ± 2.6 seasons). Lateral ankle sprains were the most frequent orthopaedic injury (n, 1658; 13.2%), followed by patellofemoral inflammation (n, 1493; 11.9%), lumbar strains (n, 999; 7.9%), and hamstring strains (n, 413; 3.3%). The most games missed were related to patellofemoral inflammation (n, 10 370; 17.5%), lateral ankle sprains (n, 5223; 8.8%), knee sprains (n, 4369; 7.4%), and lumbar strains (n, 3933; 6.6%). No correlations were found between injury rate and player demographics, including age, height, weight, and NBA experience.
Professional athletes in the NBA experience a high rate of game-related injuries. Patellofemoral inflammation is the most significant problem in terms of days lost in competition, whereas ankle sprains are the most common injury. True ligamentous injuries of the knee were surprisingly rare. Importantly, player demographics were not correlated with injury rates. Further investigation is necessary regarding the consequences and sport-specific treatment of various injuries in NBA players.
Knowledge of these injury patterns can help to guide treatments and provide more accurate guidelines for an athlete to return to play.
长期以来，精英运动员的受伤模式仍在不断演变。本研究的目的是回顾在 17 年间参加美国国家篮球协会（NBA）比赛的运动员所遭受的伤害和医疗状况。
描述性流行病学研究。
各队的运动训练师报告受伤和球员的人口统计学信息。报告的受伤标准为：（1）需要医生转介，（2）错过一次练习或比赛，或（3）接受紧急护理。统计了人口统计学、受伤频率、受伤时间和比赛暴露情况，并计算了比赛相关的受伤率和 95%置信区间。
共有 1094 名球员在数据库中出现了 3843 次（平均 3.3±2.6 个赛季）。外侧踝关节扭伤是最常见的骨科损伤（n=1658；13.2%），其次是髌股炎症（n=1493；11.9%）、腰扭伤（n=999；7.9%）和腘绳肌拉伤（n=413；3.3%）。错过最多比赛的伤病是髌股炎症（n=10370；17.5%）、外侧踝关节扭伤（n=5223；8.8%）、膝关节扭伤（n=4369；7.4%）和腰扭伤（n=3933；6.6%）。未发现受伤率与球员的人口统计学特征（包括年龄、身高、体重和 NBA 经验）之间存在相关性。
NBA 的职业运动员遭受了很高的比赛相关受伤率。髌股炎症是造成比赛缺勤天数最多的主要问题，而踝关节扭伤是最常见的损伤。膝关节真正的韧带损伤却出人意料地罕见。重要的是，球员的人口统计学特征与受伤率没有相关性。需要进一步调查 NBA 球员各种伤病的后果和特定运动的治疗方法。
了解这些受伤模式有助于指导治疗，并为运动员重返赛场提供更准确的指导。
