Institute for Science of Labour, Kawasaki, Japan.
Saf Health Work. 2012 Sep;3(3):155-65. doi: 10.5491/SHAW.2012.3.3.155. Epub 2012 Aug 30.
Reflecting the current international trends toward proactive risk assessment and control at work with practical procedures, participatory action-oriented approaches are gaining importance in various sectors. The roles of these approaches in promoting the safety and health at work are discussed based on their recent experiences in preventing work-related risks and improving the quality of work life, particularly in small-scale workplaces. The emphasis placed on the primary prevention at the initiative of workers and managers is commonly notable. Participatory steps, built on local good practices, can lead to many workplace improvements when the focus is on locally feasible low-cost options in multiple aspects. The design and use of locally adjusted action toolkits play a key role in facilitating these improvements in each local situation. The effectiveness of participatory approaches relying on these toolkits is demonstrated by their spread to many sectors and by various intervention studies. In the local context, networks of trainers are essential in sustaining the improvement activities. With the adequate support of networks of trainers trained in the use of these toolkits, participatory approaches will continue to be the key factor for proactive risk management in various work settings.
反映当前国际上积极主动的工作风险评估和控制趋势，采用实用的程序，参与式行动导向方法在各个领域越来越重要。本文根据最近在预防工作相关风险和提高工作生活质量方面的经验，讨论了这些方法在促进工作场所安全与健康方面的作用，特别是在小型工作场所。工人和管理人员主动开展初级预防的重要性是显而易见的。当重点放在多方面的可行的低成本选择上时，以当地良好实践为基础的参与步骤可以带来许多工作场所的改进。在每个当地情况下，设计和使用经过调整的本地行动工具包在促进这些改进方面起着关键作用。依靠这些工具包的参与式方法的有效性，通过其在许多部门的传播和各种干预研究得到了证明。在当地情况下，培训师网络对于维持改进活动至关重要。在使用这些工具包方面受过培训的培训师网络的充分支持下，参与式方法将继续成为各种工作环境中积极主动的风险管理的关键因素。
