Greier K, Riechelmann H
Pädagogische Hochschule Stams, Bewegungs- und Sporterziehung, Stams, Österreich.
Sportverletz Sportschaden. 2012 Dec;26(4):212-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1325423. Epub 2012 Oct 1.
A high percentage of all sports injuries occur during school sports. It was analysed whether there are differences in frequency, nature and distribution of school sport injuries at two different types of schools.
School sport injuries of all secondary modern schools (n = 106) and in lower classes of grammar Schools (n = 17) in the federal state of Tyrol, Austria, from the ten school years 2001/02 to 2010/11 were analysed. All physical injuries occurring during school sports and resulting in the consultation of a medical doctor and therefore being reported to the general accident department (Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt [AUVA]) were assessed.
During the evaluation period an average number of 32,935 (±1584) school children attended the two types of schools in Tyrol per year. The average incidence of school sports injuries in this ten-year period in both types of schools was 36.4/1,000 (mean) with a standard deviation of 4.4/1,000 per school child per year. The incidence increased from 30.3 in the school year 2001/02 to 40.4 in the school year 2010/11 (r = 0.91; b = 1.34; p < 0.0001). The incidence of school sport injuries at secondary modern schools (37.4 ± 4.9 per 1,000 school children per year) was higher than at the lower classes of grammar schools (32.9 ± 4.0 per 1,000 school children per year; relative risk 1.138; 95% CI = 1.09-1.19; p = 1.8 × 10-8). In addition, the sports injuries of the school year 2010/11 were analysed in detail and a comparison was made between the two types of schools. The distribution pattern of school sports injuries did not show any significant differences between both school types. At the secondary modern schools, as well as in the lower classes of grammar schools, injuries to the upper extremities prevailed (>50%). Ball sports were responsible for every second injury. Secondary modern school pupils had a significantly higher risk of suffering a school sports injury than pupils in the lower classes of grammar schools. The injury pattern did not show differences between the two types of schools.
The consistently higher frequency of injuries at secondary modern schools compared to the lower classes of grammar schools indicates the need for school type-specific accident research and prevention efforts.
所有运动损伤中有很大比例发生在学校体育活动期间。分析了两类不同学校的学校体育损伤在频率、性质和分布上是否存在差异。
对奥地利蒂罗尔州所有106所现代中学以及17所文法学校低年级在2001/02至2010/11这十个学年的学校体育损伤情况进行分析。评估了在学校体育活动期间发生的、导致就医并因此上报给一般事故部门（奥地利事故保险机构[AUVA]）的所有身体损伤。
在评估期间，蒂罗尔州这两类学校每年平均有32,935名（±1584）学童入学。这两类学校在这十年期间学校体育损伤的平均发生率为36.4/1000（均值），标准差为每年每学童4.4/1000。发生率从2001/02学年的30.3上升至2010/11学年的40.4（r = 0.91；b = 1.34；p < 0.0001）。现代中学的学校体育损伤发生率（每年每1000名学童中有37.4±4.9例）高于文法学校低年级（每年每1000名学童中有32.9±4.0例；相对风险1.138；95%可信区间 = 1.09 - 1.19；p = 1.8×10 - 8）。此外，对2010/11学年的运动损伤进行了详细分析，并对两类学校进行了比较。学校体育损伤的分布模式在两类学校之间未显示出任何显著差异。在现代中学以及文法学校低年级，上肢损伤最为常见（>50%）。球类运动导致了每两起损伤中的一起。现代中学学生遭受学校体育损伤的风险显著高于文法学校低年级学生。损伤模式在两类学校之间未显示出差异。
与文法学校低年级相比，现代中学损伤频率持续较高，这表明需要针对不同学校类型开展事故研究和预防工作。
