UK Medical Careers Research Group, Department of Public Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.
Br J Psychiatry. 2013 Mar;202(3):228-34. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.112.111153. Epub 2012 Oct 25.
Recruitment of adequate numbers of doctors to psychiatry is difficult.
To report on career choice for psychiatry, comparing intending psychiatrists with doctors who chose other clinical careers.
Questionnaire studies of all newly qualified doctors from all UK medical schools in 12 qualification years between 1974 and 2009 (33 974 respondent doctors).
One, three and five years after graduation, 4-5% of doctors specified psychiatry as their first choice of future career. This was largely unchanged across the 35 years. Comparing intending psychiatrists with doctors who chose other careers, factors with a greater influence on psychiatrists' choice included their experience of the subject at medical school, self-appraisal of their own skills, and inclinations before medical school. In a substudy of doctors who initially considered but then did not pursue specialty choices, 72% of those who did not pursue psychiatry gave 'job content' as their reason compared with 33% of doctors who considered but did not pursue other specialties. Historically, more women than men have chosen psychiatry, but the gap has closed over the past decade.
Junior doctors' views about psychiatry as a possible career range from high levels of enthusiasm to antipathy, and are more polarised than views about other specialties. Shortening of working hours and improvements to working practices in other hospital-based specialties in the UK may have reduced the relative attractiveness of psychiatry to women doctors. The extent to which views of newly qualified doctors about psychiatry can be modified by medical school education, and by greater exposure to psychiatry during student and early postgraduate years, needs investigation.
招募足够数量的医生从事精神病学工作较为困难。
报告精神科职业选择情况，比较意向精神科医生和选择其他临床职业的医生。
对 1974 年至 2009 年 12 个资格年度所有英国医学院的新合格医生进行问卷调查（33974 名应答医生）。
毕业后 1、3 和 5 年，有 4%-5%的医生将精神科作为未来职业的首选。35 年来，这一比例基本保持不变。与选择其他职业的医生相比，影响意向精神科医生职业选择的因素包括在医学院学习该学科的经历、自我评估自身技能，以及在医学院之前的倾向。在对最初考虑但后来未从事专科选择的医生进行的一项子研究中，72%的未从事精神科工作的医生表示“工作内容”是他们不从事该职业的原因，而考虑但未从事其他专科的医生中，这一比例为 33%。从历史上看，选择精神科的女性多于男性，但在过去十年中差距已经缩小。
初级医生对精神科作为一种可能职业的看法从高度热情到反感不等，比其他专科的看法更为两极化。英国缩短了医院专科工作时间并改善了工作实践，这可能降低了精神科对女医生的相对吸引力。医学院教育以及在学生和早期研究生阶段增加接触精神科对新合格医生对精神科看法的影响程度，需要进一步调查。
