National Centre for Psychotraumatology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M, DK, 5230, Denmark.
Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2012 Oct 29;11(1):26. doi: 10.1186/1744-859X-11-26.
The aim of the study was to examine a possible trauma type related variance in the gender difference of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) prevalence.
An analysis was conducted on 18 convenience sample studies including data from a total of 5220 participants. The studies all applied the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire - part IV to assess PTSD. Cohen's d was used to measure variance in gender differences. Trauma types included disasters and accidents, violence, loss, chronic disease and non-malignant diseases.
The results showed an overall gender difference in PTSD prevalence similar to previous findings. Thus, women had a two-fold higher prevalence of PTSD than men. Besides categorical analyses, dimensional analyses of PTSD severity were also performed; the latter were associated with twice as large effect sizes. Females were more vulnerable to PTSD after disasters and accidents, followed by loss and non-malignant diseases. In violence and chronic disease, the gender differences were smallest.
The findings support the existence of a trauma type related variance in gender differences in PTSD prevalence.
本研究旨在探讨创伤类型是否与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患病率的性别差异有关。
对 18 项便利样本研究进行了分析，这些研究共纳入了 5220 名参与者的数据。所有研究均采用哈佛创伤问卷第四部分评估 PTSD。采用 Cohen's d 来衡量性别差异的变异。创伤类型包括灾害和事故、暴力、丧失、慢性疾病和非恶性疾病。
结果显示 PTSD 患病率的性别差异与以往研究结果相似。因此，女性 PTSD 的患病率是男性的两倍。除了分类分析外，还对 PTSD 严重程度进行了维度分析；后者与两倍大的效应大小相关。女性在灾害和事故后更容易患 PTSD，其次是丧失和非恶性疾病。在暴力和慢性疾病中，性别差异最小。
这些发现支持创伤类型与 PTSD 患病率的性别差异之间存在关联。
