Delalande Anthony, Postema Michiel, Mignet Nathalie, Midoux Patrick, Pichon Chantal
Department of Physics & Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Ther Deliv. 2012 Oct;3(10):1199-215. doi: 10.4155/tde.12.100.
Having first been developed for ultrasound imaging, nowadays, microbubbles are proposed as tools for ultrasound-assisted gene delivery, too. Their behavior during ultrasound exposure causes transient membrane permeability of surrounding cells, facilitating targeted local delivery. The increased cell uptake of extracellular compounds by ultrasound in the presence of microbubbles is attributed to a phenomenon called sonoporation. Sonoporation has been successfully applied to deliver nucleic acids in vitro and in vivo in a variety of therapeutic applications. However, the biological and physical mechanisms of sonoporation are still not fully understood. In this review, we discuss recent data concerning microbubble--cell interactions leading to sonoporation and we report on the progress in ultrasound-assisted therapeutic gene delivery in different organs. In addition, we outline ongoing challenges of this novel delivery method for its clinical use.
微泡最初是为超声成像而开发的，如今也被提议作为超声辅助基因递送的工具。它们在超声照射期间的行为会导致周围细胞的瞬时膜通透性增加，从而促进靶向局部递送。在微泡存在的情况下，超声使细胞对细胞外化合物的摄取增加，这一现象被称为声孔效应。声孔效应已成功应用于多种治疗应用中的体外和体内核酸递送。然而，声孔效应的生物学和物理机制仍未完全明确。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了有关导致声孔效应的微泡 - 细胞相互作用的最新数据，并报告了不同器官中超声辅助治疗性基因递送的进展。此外，我们概述了这种新型递送方法在临床应用中面临的持续挑战。
