Environmental Management Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (Digwadih Campus), Dhanbad, 828108, India.
Environ Geochem Health. 2013 Jun;35(3):347-56. doi: 10.1007/s10653-012-9499-2. Epub 2012 Nov 6.
Jharia (India) a coal mining town has been affected by the consequences of mining and associated activities. Samples of outdoor fallen dust were collected at different locations of Jharia covering four different zones: commercial, petrol pump, high traffic, and residential areas. The dust samples were analysed for different trace elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn). The highest concentration of the elements in the dust samples are Mn (658 mg/kg), Zn (163.6 mg/kg), Cr (75.4 mg/kg), Pb (67.8 mg/kg), Ni (66 mg/kg), Cu (56.8 mg/kg), Co (16.9 mg/kg), As (4.1 mg/kg), and Cd (0.78 mg/kg). The concentration of selenium was below detection limit. Except Cd, contents of all the other elements in the dust samples were significantly lower in the residential area. High amount of Ni (145 mg/kg) and Pb (102 mg/kg) was observed in the high traffic and petrol pump areas, respectively. The exposure risk assessment strategies are helpful in predicting the potential health risk of the trace elements in the street dust. Selected receptors for risk assessment were infants, toddlers, children, teens, and adults. The calculated hazard quotient (HQ) for lifetime exposure was <1.0 for all the elements studied, indicating no risks from these elements for adults Among the receptors, toddlers were found to be more vulnerable, with HQ for Co, Cr, and Pb > 0.1. The finding predicts potential health risk to toddlers and children.
印度焦里亚（Jharia）是一个采煤城镇，深受采煤和相关活动的影响。在焦里亚的不同地点，包括商业区、加油站、交通繁忙区和住宅区，采集了户外降尘样本。对这些灰尘样本进行了不同微量元素（砷、镉、钴、铬、铜、锰、镍、铅、硒和锌）的分析。灰尘样本中含量最高的元素是锰（658 毫克/千克）、锌（163.6 毫克/千克）、铬（75.4 毫克/千克）、铅（67.8 毫克/千克）、镍（66 毫克/千克）、铜（56.8 毫克/千克）、钴（16.9 毫克/千克）、砷（4.1 毫克/千克）和镉（0.78 毫克/千克）。硒的浓度低于检测下限。除镉外，住宅区灰尘样本中所有其他元素的含量都明显较低。在交通繁忙区和加油站区，分别发现镍（145 毫克/千克）和铅（102 毫克/千克）含量较高。暴露风险评估策略有助于预测街道灰尘中微量元素的潜在健康风险。选定的风险评估受体为婴儿、幼儿、儿童、青少年和成年人。对于所有研究元素，终生暴露的计算危害系数（HQ）均<1.0，表明这些元素对成年人没有风险。在这些受体中，幼儿被认为更易受伤害，Co、Cr 和 Pb 的 HQ>0.1。这一发现预示着幼儿和儿童存在潜在的健康风险。
