加纳女性生殖健康护理利用的相关因素。
Factors associated with reproductive health care utilization among Ghanaian women.
机构信息
Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Private Mail Bag, University Post Office, Cape Coast, Ghana.
出版信息
BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2012 Nov 7;12:29. doi: 10.1186/1472-698X-12-29.
BACKGROUND
This study investigates factors determining the timing of antenatal care (ANC) visit and the type of delivery assistant present during delivery among a national representative sample of Ghanaian women.
METHOD
Data for the study was drawn from the women questionnaire (N=4,916) of the 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey among 15-49-years-old women. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore factors determining the type of delivery assistance and timing of ANC visit for live births within five years prior to the survey.
RESULTS
Majority of Ghanaian women attended ANC visit (96.5%) but many (42.7%) did so late (after the first trimester), while 36.5% had delivery without the assistance of a trained personnel (30.6%) or anyone (5.9%). Age (OR=1.5, CI=1.1-1.9, OR for 25-34-year-olds compared to 15-24-year-olds), religion (OR=1.8, CI=1.2-2.8, OR for Christians versus Traditional believers) wealth index (OR=2.6, CI=1.7-3.8, OR for the richest compared to the poorest) were independently associated with early ANC visit. Likewise, age, place of residence, education and partner's education were associated with having a delivery assisted by a trained assistant. Also, Christians (OR=1.8, CI=1.1-3.0) and Moslems (OR=1.9, CI=1.1-3.3) were more likely to have trained delivery assistants compared to their counterparts who practised traditional belief. Furthermore, the richer a woman the more likely that she would have delivery assisted by a trained personnel (OR=8.2, CI= 4.2-16.0, OR for the richest in comparison to the poorest).
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the relatively high antenatal care utilisation among Ghanaian women, significant variations exist across the socio-demographic spectrum. Furthermore, a large number of women failed to meet the WHO recommendation to attend antenatal care within the first trimester of pregnancy. These findings have important implications for reducing maternal mortality ratio by three-quarters by the year 2015.
背景
本研究调查了在加纳全国代表性样本的妇女中，决定产前保健（ANC）就诊时间和分娩时助产士类型的因素。
方法
本研究的数据来自 2008 年加纳人口与健康调查的妇女问卷（N=4916），调查对象为 15-49 岁的妇女。使用多变量逻辑回归分析探讨了影响五年内活产分娩时助产士类型和 ANC 就诊时间的因素。
结果
大多数加纳妇女都接受了 ANC 就诊（96.5%），但许多人（42.7%）就诊时间较晚（在孕早期之后），而 36.5%的分娩没有接受受过培训的人员（30.6%）或任何人（5.9%）的帮助。年龄（OR=1.5，CI=1.1-1.9，25-34 岁与 15-24 岁相比）、宗教（OR=1.8，CI=1.2-2.8，基督徒与传统信仰者相比）、财富指数（OR=2.6，CI=1.7-3.8，最富有与最贫穷相比）与 ANC 早期就诊独立相关。同样，年龄、居住地、教育程度和伴侣的教育程度与接受受过培训的助产士的分娩有关。此外，与传统信仰者相比，基督徒（OR=1.8，CI=1.1-3.0）和穆斯林（OR=1.9，CI=1.1-3.3）更有可能有经过培训的助产士进行分娩。此外，妇女越富有，接受受过培训的人员进行分娩的可能性就越大（OR=8.2，CI=4.2-16.0，最富有与最贫穷相比）。
结论
尽管加纳妇女的产前保健利用率相对较高，但在社会人口统计学方面仍存在很大差异。此外，大量妇女未能达到世界卫生组织建议的在妊娠早期接受产前保健的要求。这些发现对于到 2015 年将母婴死亡率减少四分之三具有重要意义。
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