University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Nurs Outlook. 2012 Nov-Dec;60(6):351-356.e20. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2012.08.003.
Informal caregivers are a key component of end-of-life/palliative care and are increasingly recognized as recipients of care. Numerous factors affect the care they give and they have significant care needs themselves. The purpose of this survey was to identify key research questions, priorities, and next steps for research on caregivers and palliative care. A literature search of publications between 2006 and 2011 was conducted, yielding 109 studies that were evaluated on type, quality, topic, and other factors. An interdisciplinary group of healthcare professionals examined results and recommended research priorities. Existing research is primarily descriptive in nature, with few interventions to guide practice. Future research priorities include factors influencing caregivers and roles, information and support needs, caregiver health, end-of-life issues, healthcare disparities, and delivery and costs of care. Conclusions include that expanding the science will contribute to improving caregiver performance and health.
非专业照护者是临终关怀和姑息治疗的重要组成部分，并且越来越被视为需要被照顾的对象。许多因素影响着他们所提供的照护，而他们自身也有重大的照护需求。本调查的目的是确定关于照护者和姑息治疗的研究的关键问题、优先事项和下一步研究。对 2006 年至 2011 年间发表的文献进行了检索，评估了 109 项研究的类型、质量、主题和其他因素。一组跨学科的医疗保健专业人员审查了结果并提出了研究重点。现有研究主要是描述性的，几乎没有干预措施来指导实践。未来的研究重点包括影响照护者和角色的因素、信息和支持需求、照护者健康、临终问题、医疗保健差异以及护理的提供和成本。结论包括扩大科学研究将有助于提高照护者的表现和健康。
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