Fukunaga Rena, Bogg Tim, Finn Peter R, Brown Joshua W
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University.
Department of Psychology, Wayne State University.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2013 Dec;27(4):1141-52. doi: 10.1037/a0030633. Epub 2012 Nov 12.
A sizable segment of addiction research investigates the effects of persuasive message appeals on risky and deleterious behaviors. However, to date, little research has examined how various forms of message framing and corresponding behavioral choices might by mediated by risk-related brain regions. Using event-related functional MRI, we investigated brain regions hypothesized to mediate the influence of message appeals on decision making in substance-dependent (SD) compared with nonsubstance-dependent (non-SD) individuals. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) was modified to include positively-framed, negatively-framed, and control messages about long-term deck payoffs. In the positively-framed condition, the SD and non-SD groups showed improved decision-making performance that corresponded to higher risk-aversion-related brain activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and anterior insula (AI). In contrast, in the negatively-framed condition, the SD group showed poorer performance that corresponded to lower risk-aversion-related brain activity in the AI region. In addition, only the non-SD group showed a positive association between decision quality and greater risk-related activity in the ACC, regardless of message type. The findings suggest substance-dependent individuals may have reduced neurocognitive sensitivity in the ACC and AI regions involved in risk perception and aversion during decision-making, especially in response to framed messages that emphasize reduced prospects for long-term gains.
相当一部分成瘾研究调查了有说服力的信息诉求对危险和有害行为的影响。然而，迄今为止，很少有研究探讨各种形式的信息框架和相应的行为选择可能如何由与风险相关的脑区介导。我们使用事件相关功能磁共振成像技术，研究了与非物质依赖（non-SD）个体相比，物质依赖（SD）个体中假定介导信息诉求对决策影响的脑区。对爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）进行了修改，以纳入关于长期牌组收益的积极框架、消极框架和控制信息。在积极框架条件下，SD组和非SD组的决策表现有所改善，这与前扣带回皮质（ACC）和前脑岛（AI）中与更高风险规避相关的脑活动相对应。相比之下，在消极框架条件下，SD组表现较差，这与AI区域中与较低风险规避相关的脑活动相对应。此外，无论信息类型如何，只有非SD组在决策质量与ACC中更大的风险相关活动之间表现出正相关。研究结果表明，物质依赖个体在决策过程中，尤其是在面对强调长期收益减少前景的框架信息时，参与风险感知和规避的ACC和AI区域的神经认知敏感性可能会降低。
