Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2013 Apr;84(1):60-74. doi: 10.1111/1574-6941.12040. Epub 2012 Dec 10.
CO2 capture and storage (CCS) in deep geological formations is one option currently evaluated to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Consequently, the impact of a possible CO2 leakage from a storage site into surface environments has to be evaluated. During such a hypothetical leakage event, the CO2 migrates upwards along fractures entering surface soils, a scenario similar to naturally occurring CO2 vents. Therefore, such a natural analogue site at the Laacher See was chosen for an ecosystem study on the effects of high CO2 concentrations on soil chemistry and microbiology. The microbial activities revealed differences in their spatial distribution and temporal variability for CO2 -rich and reference soils. Furthermore, the abundance of several functional and group-specific gene markers revealed further differences, for example, a decrease in Geobacteraceae and an increase in sulphate-reducing prokaryotes in the vent centre. Molecular-biological fingerprinting of the microbial communities with DGGE indicated a shift in the environmental conditions within the Laacher See soil column leading to anaerobic and potentially acidic microenvironments. Furthermore, the distribution and phylogenetic affiliation of the archaeal 16S rRNA genes, the presence of ammonia-oxidizing Archaea and the biomarker analysis revealed a predominance of Thaumarchaeota as possible indicator organisms for elevated CO2 concentrations in soils.
二氧化碳的捕集和封存（CCS）是目前评估的减少温室气体排放的一种选择。因此，必须评估储存地点的 CO2 可能泄漏到地表环境中的影响。在这种假设的泄漏事件中，CO2 沿着裂缝向上迁移进入地表土壤，这种情况类似于自然发生的 CO2 喷口。因此，拉赫湖这样的自然类似地点被选为一个生态系统研究，以研究高浓度 CO2 对土壤化学和微生物学的影响。微生物活动揭示了富 CO2 土壤和对照土壤在空间分布和时间变化上的差异。此外，一些功能和特定群体基因标记的丰度也显示出进一步的差异，例如，在喷口中心，地杆菌科的丰度下降，硫酸盐还原原核生物的丰度增加。用 DGGE 对微生物群落进行分子生物学指纹分析表明，拉赫湖土壤柱内的环境条件发生了变化，导致了厌氧和潜在的酸性微环境。此外，古菌 16S rRNA 基因的分布和系统发育关系、氨氧化古菌的存在以及生物标志物分析表明，产甲烷古菌可能是土壤中 CO2 浓度升高的指示生物。
