Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technical University Braunschweig , Braunschweig , Germany and.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2014 Mar;34(1):1-15. doi: 10.3109/07388551.2012.743501. Epub 2012 Nov 29.
Over the past decades a large amount of biopolymers originating from various types of microorganisms have been reported. With ongoing research the number of possible applications has increased rapidly, ranging from use as food additives and biomedical agents to biodegradable plastics from renewable resources. In spite of the plethora of applications, the large-scale introduction of biopolymers into the market has often been forestalled by high production costs mainly due to complex or inefficient downstream processing. In this article, state-of-the-art methods and recent advances in the separation and purification of microbial polymers are reviewed, with special focus on the biopolymers, γ-polyglutamic acid and xanthan gum. Furthermore, a study of the general factors affecting production and purification is presented, including biopolymer rheology, enzymatic degradation and production of biopolymer mixtures.
在过去的几十年中，已经报道了大量源自各种类型微生物的生物聚合物。随着研究的不断深入，其潜在的应用领域迅速增加，从食品添加剂和生物医学制剂到可再生资源的可生物降解塑料。尽管应用广泛，但由于生产成本高，主要是由于下游处理复杂或效率低下，生物聚合物在大规模引入市场方面经常受阻。本文综述了微生物聚合物分离和纯化的最新方法和进展，特别关注γ-聚谷氨酸和黄原胶等生物聚合物。此外，还研究了影响生产和纯化的一般因素，包括生物聚合物流变性、酶降解和生物聚合物混合物的生产。
