Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)/LABIOGENE, UFR/SVT, Université de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2012 Dec;5(12):991-4. doi: 10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60188-6.
To evaluate efficiency of HAART in the prevention of mother to child HIV transmission.
A longitudinal study was conducted on 1 300 women attending the antenatal service at Saint Camille Medical Centre from September 2010 to July 2011. The HIV status of mothers was determined by rapid tests and ELISA. Discordant results were confirmed by real-time PCR. PCR was used to determine HIV status of children born from HIV-positive mothers.
Among 1 300 pregnant women tested for HIV, 378 were seropositive. Mothers were predominantly housewives (69.7%), and their mean age was (28.32±0.15) years. The overall prevalence of HIV transmission from mother to child was 4.8% (18/378). This prevalence differed significantly from 0.0% (0/114) to 6.8% (18/264) in children born from mothers under HAART and those with mothers under New Prophylactic Protocol (AZT + 3TC + NVP), respectively (P< 0.01). Children's mortality rate during the medical follow up was 1.3% (5/378). Among 16 women with HIV dubious status by ELISA, the Real Time PCR confirmed 2/16 (12.5%) as HIV positive.
The protocol of prevention of mother to children HIV transmission (PMTCT) is effective. The rate of HIV vertical transmission is significantly reduced. Early diagnosis determined by PCR of children born from HIV-positive mother is necessary and recommended in the context of PMTCT in Burkina Faso. We also found that PCR is an effective tool to confirm HIV status in pregnant women.
评估高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）在预防母婴 HIV 传播中的效果。
对 2010 年 9 月至 2011 年 7 月在圣卡米尔医疗中心接受产前检查的 1300 名妇女进行了一项纵向研究。通过快速检测和酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）确定母亲的 HIV 状态。用实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）对不一致的结果进行确认。用 PCR 检测来自 HIV 阳性母亲的婴儿的 HIV 状态。
在接受 HIV 检测的 1300 名孕妇中，有 378 名呈血清阳性。母亲主要是家庭主妇（69.7%），平均年龄为（28.32±0.15）岁。母婴 HIV 传播的总体发生率为 4.8%（18/378）。这一发生率与接受 HAART 的母亲所生婴儿的 0.0%（0/114）和接受新预防方案（AZT+3TC+NVP）的母亲所生婴儿的 6.8%（18/264）差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。在医疗随访期间，儿童死亡率为 1.3%（5/378）。在 ELISA 检测结果可疑的 16 名妇女中，实时 PCR 确认其中 2 名（12.5%）为 HIV 阳性。
预防母婴 HIV 传播（PMTCT）方案有效，HIV 垂直传播率显著降低。在布基纳法索 PMTCT 背景下，对 HIV 阳性母亲所生儿童进行 PCR 早期诊断是必要且推荐的。我们还发现，PCR 是一种确认孕妇 HIV 状态的有效工具。
