Moazam Farhat
Center of Biomedical Ethics and Culture, SIUT, Karachi, Pakistan,
Med Health Care Philos. 2013 Nov;16(4):925-8. doi: 10.1007/s11019-012-9451-3.
This essay provides a brief overview of the rise of organ trade in Pakistan towards the end of the last century and the concerted, collective struggle--of physicians and medical associations aided by the media, journalists, members of civil society, and senior judiciary--in pressuring the government to bring about and implement a national law criminalizing such practices opposed by an influential pro-organ trade lobby. It argues that among the most effective measures to prevent re-emergence of organ trafficking in the country is increasing ethical live donations and above all, establishing sustainable, public supported deceased donor programs. To do this, the transplant community must recognize that organ transplantation is not merely a donor-recipient-physician transaction but a complex issue in which decisions to donate an organ are influenced by indigenous values and belief systems about human illness, life and death.
本文简要概述了上世纪末巴基斯坦器官交易的兴起，以及医生和医学协会在媒体、记者、民间社会成员和高等司法机构的协助下，为迫使政府制定并实施一项将此类行为定为刑事犯罪的国家法律而进行的协同集体斗争，这种行为遭到了一个有影响力的支持器官交易的游说团体的反对。文章认为，防止该国器官贩运再次出现的最有效措施之一是增加符合伦理的活体捐赠，最重要的是，建立可持续的、得到公众支持的尸体捐赠项目。要做到这一点，移植界必须认识到器官移植不仅仅是供体、受体和医生之间的交易，而是一个复杂的问题，在这个问题中，捐赠器官的决定受到关于人类疾病、生死的本土价值观和信仰体系的影响。
