PAFS-UCLM Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n. 45071, Toledo, Spain.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2013 Oct;23(10):995-1001. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2012.10.002. Epub 2012 Dec 2.
Increased vagal activity is associated with obesity and metabolic risk in children and adolescents. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to examine the association of parasympathetic function, as assessed by heart rate recovery (HRR) from a maximal exercise cycle-ergometer test, with obesity traits and related cardiometabolic risk factors in Spanish children and adolescents.
A sample of 437 Spanish 9-year-old-children and 235 15-year-old-adolescents participated in the study. The variables measured were anthropometric characteristics (height, body mass and waist circumference) and physical activity using the Actigraph accelerometer. Additional measured outcomes included fasting insulin, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and blood pressure. A metabolic risk score was computed as the mean of the standardised outcomes scores. The HRR was calculated as the difference between peak heart rate and heart rate 1, 3 and 5 min after cessation of the maximal ergometer test. Diastolic blood pressure was associated with all the HRR parameters in 9-year-old-girls. In 9-year-old-boys, the 3-min HRR was inversely associated with systolic blood pressure (p < 0.05) and Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) (p < 0.05). Five minute HRR was inversely associated with waist circumference (p < 0.05), sum of five skinfolds (p < 0.01) and HOMA (p = 0.004). There were no significant associations in adolescents. In 9-year-old-girls, the adjusted 5-min HRR showed significant differences between quartile 2 and 4 of metabolic risk (p = 0.011). In all samples, the adjusted HRR (1-, 3- and 5-min HRR) did not show significant differences across quartiles.
HRR was inversely associated with obesity traits and related cardiometabolic risk factors mainly in healthy boys.
迷走神经活动增加与儿童和青少年肥胖及代谢风险相关。本横断面研究的目的是评估西班牙儿童和青少年最大循环测功仪运动后心率恢复（HRR）评估的副交感神经功能与肥胖特征及相关心血管代谢危险因素之间的相关性。
本研究纳入了 437 名 9 岁儿童和 235 名 15 岁青少年。测量的变量包括身高、体重和腰围等人体测量特征以及使用 Actigraph 加速度计进行的身体活动。此外还测量了空腹胰岛素、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDLc）和血压等指标。代谢风险评分是标准化结果评分的平均值。HRR 计算方法为最大测功仪试验停止后 1、3 和 5 分钟时的心率与峰值心率之间的差值。在 9 岁女孩中，舒张压与所有 HRR 参数均相关。在 9 岁男孩中，3 分钟 HRR 与收缩压（p < 0.05）和稳态模型评估（HOMA）（p < 0.05）呈负相关。5 分钟 HRR 与腰围（p < 0.05）、五皮褶厚度总和（p < 0.01）和 HOMA（p = 0.004）呈负相关。在青少年中没有发现显著相关性。在 9 岁女孩中，代谢风险四分位 2 和 4 之间的调整后 5 分钟 HRR 存在显著差异（p = 0.011）。在所有样本中，调整后的 HRR（1 分钟、3 分钟和 5 分钟 HRR）在四分位组之间没有显著差异。
HRR 与肥胖特征及相关心血管代谢危险因素呈负相关，主要在健康男孩中。
