Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2012 Sep;25(4):506-12. doi: 10.2478/S13382-012-0060-4. Epub 2012 Dec 3.
We present the case of a subject developing anosmia, preceded by nasal transient irritation and short lasting phantosmia and torqosmia, upon re-entrance into a room treated with a pyrethrin-based insecticide. The concentration of the insecticide in the room is unknown, but relatively high levels are predicted basing upon the modality of exposure and by the irritation symptoms in the subject. Despite corticosteroids therapy, anosmia has persisted unmodified for more than three years; according to, and based on evidence in the literature on olfactory disturbance prognosis, anosmia in this patient is likely to be permanent. The significance of this case report is related to the current wide use of insecticides containing pyrethrin and pyrethroids and highlights the need for more adequate attention to lowering airborne concentrations of pyrethrins and pyrethroids prior to re-entering the treated rooms. In particular, in a closed space sprayed with pyrethrins and pyrethroids insecticide, any irritant symptoms and/or dysosmia should be immediately considered relevant warning signs, and must be avoided.
我们报告了一例患者在重新进入使用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂处理过的房间时，先出现短暂的鼻腔刺激和短暂的幻嗅和味觉异常，随后出现嗅觉丧失。房间内杀虫剂的浓度未知，但根据暴露方式和患者的刺激症状，预计浓度相对较高。尽管使用了皮质类固醇治疗，但患者的嗅觉丧失仍未改善，已持续超过三年；根据文献中关于嗅觉障碍预后的证据，该患者的嗅觉丧失很可能是永久性的。本病例报告的意义在于目前广泛使用含有拟除虫菊酯和除虫菊酯的杀虫剂，强调在重新进入处理过的房间之前，需要更加注意降低空气中拟除虫菊酯和除虫菊酯的浓度。特别是在喷洒了拟除虫菊酯和除虫菊酯杀虫剂的封闭空间中，任何刺激性症状和/或嗅觉障碍都应被视为相关的警告信号，并应避免出现。
