分析产自巴基斯坦西北部的筋骨草 Teucrium Stocksianum bioss 的精油的化学成分和镇痛潜力。
Analysis of chemical constituents and antinociceptive potential of essential oil of Teucrium Stocksianum bioss collected from the North West of Pakistan.
机构信息
Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir, KPK, Pakistan.
出版信息
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012 Dec 5;12:244. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-244.
BACKGROUND
Medicinal plants are used for the treatment of different diseases in almost all cultures. Teucrium species grow wildly at different geographical locations around the world. Teucrium stocksianum is used in folk medicine for the treatment of diarrhea, cough, jaundice and abdominal pain. Scientific study on Teucrium stocksianum shows that it possesses anthelmintic, cytotoxic and antispasmodic activity. The aim of our present study is to identify the chemical composition and antinociceptive potential of the essential oil extracted from Teucrium stocksianum bioss.
METHOD
Essential oil (EO) from the aerial parts of Teucrium stocksianum were extracted by hydrodistillation process. The qualitative and quantitative composition of essential oil was determined with Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometer. Antinociceptive activity was determined by acetic acid induced writhing method. Percent inhibition of writhes of the test concentration was determined by comparing it with that of control. Tween-80 emulsion 2.5% (5 ml/kg b.w) was used as a control while Diclofenic sodium 50 mg/kg (b.w) was used as a standard drug.
RESULTS
The chromatogram of the essential oil of Teucrium stocksianum shows differences both qualitatively and quantatively from essential oil composition reported in other countries. Hydrodistillation of Teucrium stocksianum yielded 0.4% (v/w), pale yellowish oil on dry basis. A total of 26 chemicals were identified by GC-MS accounting for 90.28% of the oil. The major components of essential oil were δ-cadinene (12.92%), α-pinene (10.3%), myrcene (8.64%), β-caryophyllene (8.23%), germacrene D (5.18%) and limonene (2.36%). Essential oil of Teucrium stocksianum has shown outstanding antinociceptive activity. It has been observed that increase in percent writhe inhibition (PWI) occurred from 20-80 mg/kg (b.w) and maximum writhe inhibition has been noted at a concentration of 80 mg/kg (b.w), but PWI decreased at 160 mg/kg, which may be due to some toxic effect of higher dose. ED50 value for Teucrium stocksianum was calculated as 31.5 ± 1.72415 mg/kg (b.w).
CONCLUSION
Our results indicate that there is a lot of variation in the composition of essential oil of Teucrium stocksianum boiss, which may be due to different climatic and experimental conditions. Secondly, the essential oil possesses strong antinociceptive activity and could be used in analgesic preparations especially for topical use.
背景
药用植物在几乎所有文化中都被用于治疗各种疾病。在世界各地的不同地理位置都有野生的荆芥属植物生长。荆芥 stocksianum 在民间医学中用于治疗腹泻、咳嗽、黄疸和腹痛。对荆芥 stocksianum 的科学研究表明，它具有驱虫、细胞毒性和抗痉挛活性。我们目前的研究旨在确定从 Teucrium stocksianum bioss 中提取的精油的化学成分和镇痛潜力。
方法
通过水蒸馏法从荆芥 stocksianum 的地上部分提取精油。用气相色谱/质谱联用仪确定精油的定性和定量组成。通过醋酸诱导扭体法测定镇痛活性。通过将测试浓度的扭体抑制率与对照品进行比较来确定扭体抑制率。吐温 80 乳液 2.5%（5ml/kg b.w）用作对照，双氯芬酸钠 50mg/kg（b.w）用作标准药物。
结果
荆芥 stocksianum 精油的色谱图在定性和定量上均与其他国家报道的精油组成有差异。荆芥 stocksianum 的水蒸馏得到 0.4%（v/w），在干燥基础上为浅黄色油。通过 GC-MS 鉴定出 26 种化合物，占油的 90.28%。精油的主要成分是 δ-杜松烯（12.92%）、α-蒎烯（10.3%）、月桂烯（8.64%）、β-石竹烯（8.23%）、大根香叶烯 D（5.18%）和柠檬烯（2.36%）。荆芥 stocksianum 精油表现出出色的镇痛活性。已经观察到，从 20-80mg/kg（b.w）扭体抑制百分比（PWI）增加，在 80mg/kg（b.w）浓度下观察到最大扭体抑制，但在 160mg/kg 时 PWI 降低，这可能是由于较高剂量的一些毒性作用。荆芥 stocksianum 的 ED50 值计算为 31.5±1.72415mg/kg（b.w）。
结论
我们的结果表明，荆芥 stocksianum boiss 精油的组成存在很大差异，这可能是由于不同的气候和实验条件。其次，精油具有很强的镇痛活性，可用于镇痛制剂，特别是用于局部使用。
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