口吃和不口吃的学龄前儿童自然语言中的过去时标记。
Past tense marking in the spontaneous speech of preschool children who do and do not stutter.
机构信息
Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland-College Park, MD 20742, United States.
出版信息
J Fluency Disord. 2012 Dec;37(4):314-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2012.04.003. Epub 2012 Apr 26.
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to identify whether different patterns of errors exist in irregular past-tense verbs in children who stutter (CWS) and children who do not stutter (CWNS).
METHOD
Spontaneous language samples of thirty-one age- and gender-matched pairs of children (total N=62) between the ages of 24 months and 59 months were analyzed.
RESULTS
Results indicated that children who do and do not stutter over-regularize irregular past-tense verbs (i.e., saying runned for ran) with comparable frequency. However, two nonsignificant trends which suggest possible intra-group differences were noted. First, irregular past tense verbs represented a greater portion of total verbs for CWS than for CWNS. Second, CWS appeared to double-mark (i.e., say ranned for ran) more often than CWNS. Results are discussed in light of theories about the acquisition of the irregular past-tense and about differences in language skills between CWS and CWNS.
EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
After reading this article, the reader will be able to: (a) summarize previous findings about connections between stuttering and language in CWS and CWNS; (b) describe similarities and differences between irregular past-tense verb use and errors in CWS and CWNS; (c) discuss possible connections between the declarative-procedural model and stuttering.
目的
本研究旨在确定口吃儿童（CWS）和不口吃儿童（CWNS）在不规则过去式动词的错误模式上是否存在差异。
方法
分析了 31 对年龄和性别匹配的儿童（共 62 名儿童）在 24 个月至 59 个月时的自然语言样本。
结果
结果表明，口吃和不口吃的儿童以相似的频率过度规则化不规则过去式动词（即，说 runned 而不是 ran）。然而，有两个不显著的趋势表明可能存在组内差异。首先，不规则过去式动词在 CWS 中的总动词中所占比例大于 CWNS。其次，CWS 似乎比 CWNS 更频繁地双重标记（即，说 ranned 而不是 ran）。结果根据关于不规则过去式动词习得的理论以及 CWS 和 CWNS 之间语言技能差异的理论进行了讨论。
教育目标
阅读本文后，读者将能够：（a）总结关于 CWS 和 CWNS 中口吃与语言之间联系的先前发现；（b）描述 CWS 和 CWNS 中不规则过去式动词使用和错误的相似点和不同点；（c）讨论陈述性程序性模型和口吃之间的可能联系。
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