Institute of Sociology and Political Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Soc Sci Med. 2013 Jan;77:90-6. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.11.010. Epub 2012 Nov 17.
Experts suggest that effective public action can prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS. Countries dependent on natural resource wealth, such as oil, are likely to suffer from governance failures and thereby suffer lower quality public health. Since the cost of fighting disease redistributes income away from rulers, resource wealth is likely to lead to neglect of public action aimed at stemming a deadly disease. We test this proposition in 137 countries from 1990 until 2008 using oil wealth as a proxy for endogenous policy choices on the prevalence of HIV/AIDS, a proxy outcome for ineffective policy and neglect of public action. We find that the 'resource curse' seems to affect the spread of HIV/AIDS, even though oil-rich countries ceteris paribus should have more financial resources for effective public action. The results are robust to a host of controls, alternative indicators, and fixed effects estimation.
专家们认为，有效的公共行动可以防止艾滋病毒/艾滋病的传播。依赖石油等自然资源财富的国家可能会遭受治理失败，从而导致公共卫生质量下降。由于抗击疾病的成本将收入从统治者手中重新分配，因此资源财富可能导致人们忽视旨在遏制致命疾病的公共行动。我们使用石油财富作为艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行的内生政策选择的代理，使用代理结果作为政策无效和忽视公共行动的指标，在 1990 年至 2008 年期间，在 137 个国家进行了这项测试。我们发现，即使在其他条件相同的情况下，石油资源丰富的国家应该有更多的财政资源用于有效的公共行动，但“资源诅咒”似乎会影响艾滋病毒/艾滋病的传播。这些结果在一系列控制变量、替代指标和固定效应估计中都是稳健的。
