Key Laboratory of Major Disease in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2013 Mar;16(2):124-32. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32835c02c8.
Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) may be related to a number of chronic metabolic abnormalities, including metabolic syndrome. This review presents an update on the effects of n-3 PUFAs on risk factors of metabolic syndrome, especially adipose tissue inflammation, oxidative stress and underlying mechanisms of these effects.
Anti-inflammatory actions of n-3 PUFAs are thought to be mediated by the formation of their active metabolites (eicosanoids and other lipid mediators) as well as their regulation of the production of inflammatory mediators (e.g., adipocytokines, cytokines) and immune cell infiltration into adipose tissue. n-3 PUFAs mediate these effects by modulating several pathways, such as those involving nuclear factor-κB, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and Toll-like receptors. The antioxidative effects of n-3 PUFAs in adipocytes appear to inhibit reactive oxygen species production and alter mitochondrial function.
This review summarizes the evidence for beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs on adipose tissue inflammation and oxidative stress. More studies are necessary to investigate the mechanisms underlying these effects and to relate this topic to human health.
饮食中的 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFAs）可能与多种慢性代谢异常有关，包括代谢综合征。本文综述了 n-3 PUFAs 对代谢综合征危险因素的影响，特别是脂肪组织炎症、氧化应激以及这些影响的潜在机制。
n-3 PUFAs 的抗炎作用被认为是通过其活性代谢物（类二十烷酸和其他脂质介质）的形成以及对炎症介质（如脂肪细胞因子、细胞因子）产生和免疫细胞浸润到脂肪组织的调节来介导的。n-3 PUFAs 通过调节几种途径来介导这些作用，如涉及核因子-κB、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体和 Toll 样受体的途径。n-3 PUFAs 在脂肪细胞中的抗氧化作用似乎抑制活性氧的产生并改变线粒体功能。
本文综述了 n-3 PUFAs 对脂肪组织炎症和氧化应激有益影响的证据。需要进一步的研究来探讨这些影响的潜在机制，并将这一主题与人类健康联系起来。
