Department of Animal Genetics and Horse Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.
Poult Sci. 2013 Jan;92(1):84-9. doi: 10.3382/ps.2012-02564.
Commercially bred broiler chickens reared in inadequate breeder-created habitat conditions often suffer from a disease that afflicts their lower limbs, chondrodystrophy. The sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test makes it possible to detect chromosome instability that corresponds with elevated vulnerability of the organism to genotoxic factors of a mutagenic and carcinogenic nature. The frequency of SCE in chromosomes of chondrodystrophic and healthy broilers was analyzed. Chromosome preparations were obtained from our in vitro culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes stained using the fluorescence plus Giemsa technique. The SCE/cell mean of the population under analysis was 6.8 ± 1.6. The SCE/cell mean in the chromosomes of the chondrodystrophic chickens was 8.5 ± 1.0. The healthy chickens had an SCE/cell mean of 5.1 ± 1.3. Statistically significant differences were identified between both chicken groups. Moreover, a higher SCE/cell mean was observed in the males: 6.9 ± 1.7 compared with 6.7 ± 1.7 in the females. However, this difference was not statistically significant. Additionally, SCE incidence in the first 3 biggest autosome pairs (1, 2, 3) was analyzed in detail. The number of identified SCE was proportional to chromosome length. The most exchanges were observed in the proximal region of the chromosomes under analysis.
商业养殖的肉鸡在不理想的繁殖者创造的环境条件下生长，往往会患上一种影响下肢的疾病，即软骨发育不良。姐妹染色单体交换 (SCE) 测试可检测到与生物体对诱变和致癌性质的遗传毒性因素的易感性增加相对应的染色体不稳定性。分析了软骨发育不良和健康肉鸡的 SCE 染色体。使用荧光加吉姆萨技术对体外培养的外周血淋巴细胞进行染色体制备，并对其进行分析。分析人群的 SCE/细胞平均值为 6.8 ± 1.6。软骨发育不良鸡的 SCE/细胞平均值为 8.5 ± 1.0。健康鸡的 SCE/细胞平均值为 5.1 ± 1.3。两个鸡群之间存在统计学上的显著差异。此外，雄性鸡的 SCE/细胞平均值更高：6.9 ± 1.7，而雌性鸡的 SCE/细胞平均值为 6.7 ± 1.7。然而，这种差异没有统计学意义。此外，还详细分析了前 3 个最大常染色体对（1、2、3）中的 SCE 发生率。所鉴定的 SCE 数量与染色体长度成正比。在分析的染色体近端区域观察到最多的交换。
