Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Iowa, Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
Inj Prev. 2013 Aug;19(4):250-6. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040548. Epub 2012 Dec 20.
All-terrain vehicles (ATVs) have steadily increased in popularity, size and speed, characteristics that likely contribute to the alarming rise in ATV-related fatalities. One potentially high-risk activity is riding on the road.
To compare fatal ATV crashes that occur on the roadway and off, to more fully understand factors that contribute to fatalities at each location.
Fatality data from the US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) were used for descriptive and comparative analyses. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine relative risk.
Over 60% of all fatalities (1985-2009) resulted from roadway crashes. After 1998, roadway fatalities increased at over twice the rate of off-road fatalities. Roadway crashes were more likely than off-road crashes to involve multiple fatalities, carrying passengers, alcohol use, collisions and head injuries. Roadway victims were less likely to be helmeted than off-road victims. Passengers and operators with passengers were also less likely to be helmeted than operators riding alone. Helmeted victims were half as likely to suffer a head injury.
Fatal roadway crashes were more likely than off-road crashes to involve risk-taking behaviours (eg, carrying passengers) that could exacerbate the inherent difficulty of operating ATVs on roadway surfaces. Higher crash forces from greater speed, and lower use of protective equipment, may also have contributed to higher roadway mortality rates. Eliminating non-essential ATV road use may be an effective way to reduce ATV-related fatalities. This will likely require a substantial investment in rider education and better enforcement of ATV road use restriction laws.
全地形车（ATV）的普及度、尺寸和速度稳步上升，这些特点可能导致与 ATV 相关的致命事故数量惊人上升。一项潜在的高风险活动是在道路上骑行。
比较在道路上和非道路上发生的致命 ATV 碰撞事故，以更全面地了解导致每个地点发生致命事故的因素。
使用美国消费品安全委员会（CPSC）的死亡数据进行描述性和比较分析。采用多变量逻辑回归分析来确定相对风险。
在所有（1985-2009 年）致命事故中，超过 60%的事故发生在道路上。1998 年后，道路死亡人数的增长率超过非道路死亡人数的两倍。与非道路碰撞相比，道路碰撞更有可能涉及多重伤亡、搭载乘客、酒精使用、碰撞和头部受伤。道路碰撞受害者的头盔佩戴率低于非道路碰撞受害者。搭载乘客的乘客和驾驶员比单独骑行的驾驶员佩戴头盔的可能性更小。佩戴头盔的受害者头部受伤的可能性减半。
与非道路碰撞相比，致命的道路碰撞更有可能涉及冒险行为（例如，搭载乘客），这可能会加剧在道路表面操作 ATV 的固有难度。更高的速度产生更大的碰撞力，以及对防护设备的使用减少，也可能导致更高的道路死亡率。消除非必要的 ATV 道路使用可能是减少与 ATV 相关的致命事故的有效方法。这可能需要在驾驶员教育方面进行大量投资，并加强对 ATV 道路使用限制法律的执行。
