Institute of Biodiversity, Comparative Medicine and Animal Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2013 Mar;32(3):569-76. doi: 10.1002/etc.2101.
Temporal, biological, and environmental factors affecting accumulation of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are poorly understood in comparison with legacy lipid-soluble persistent organic pollutants. Temporal and biological comparisons of PFAS concentrations were made in great skuas (Stercorarius skua), a marine apex predator. Concentrations of 16 PFASs were quantified, including C4-C10 perfluorosulfonates (PFSAs), perfluorooctanesulfonamide (PFOSA), and C5-C14 perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs). Concentrations of PFASs (ng/g wet wt) were significantly higher in eggs collected in Shetland in 2008 compared with 1980 for most compounds. However, the magnitude of the differences was small, with a mean increase of 3 ng/g. Levels of PFASs in great skuas were low compared with those of other seabirds in similar ecological niches; and in contrast to other contaminants measured in the same eggs, concentrations of PFASs did not correlate with trophic level. Concentrations of PFASs in adult plasma were significantly higher in males than in females for most PFASs. This suggests that maternal transfer through egg laying may be a significant mode of elimination of PFASs in female great skuas. The low concentrations of PFASs in eggs and plasma compared with other halogenated organic contaminants and other species suggest that great skuas do not bioaccumulate PFASs to the same extent as some other seabirds.
与传统的脂溶性持久性有机污染物相比，影响全氟烷基物质（PFAS）积累的时间、生物和环境因素了解甚少。对海洋顶级掠食者大贼鸥（Stercorarius skua）中的 PFAS 浓度进行了时间和生物比较。定量分析了 16 种 PFAS，包括 C4-C10 全氟磺酸（PFSAs）、全氟辛烷磺酰胺（PFOSA）和 C5-C14 全氟羧酸（PFCAs）。与 1980 年相比，2008 年在设得兰群岛收集的卵中大多数化合物的 PFAS 浓度（ng/g 湿重）显著升高。然而，差异幅度较小，平均增加了 3ng/g。与其他处于相似生态位的海鸟相比，大贼鸥体内的 PFAS 水平较低；与在同一批卵中测量的其他污染物相反，PFAS 浓度与营养级没有相关性。对于大多数 PFAS，雄性大贼鸥的血浆中 PFAS 浓度明显高于雌性。这表明通过产卵进行的母体转移可能是雌性大贼鸥消除 PFAS 的重要方式。与其他卤代有机污染物和其他物种相比，卵和血浆中 PFAS 的浓度较低，这表明大贼鸥不会像其他一些海鸟那样大量积累 PFAS。
