Usher Amelia M, Stewart Lynn A
Correctional Service of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2014 Feb;58(2):209-30. doi: 10.1177/0306624X12469507. Epub 2012 Dec 21.
Numerous studies have examined the effects of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) on criminal recidivism, and several meta-analyses have confirmed the overall effectiveness of this approach. Few studies, however, have examined the efficacy of these programs specifically with adult offenders from diverse ethnic backgrounds. The present research uses meta-analytic techniques to examine the outcomes for Canadian federal offenders participating in correctional programs according to self-identified ethnic group (Caucasian, Aboriginal, Black, and Other). Correctional programs within the Correctional Service of Canada adhere to the Risk, Need, Responsivity principles outlined in the effective correctional literature. Within-group analyses compared offenders from the same ethnic background who participated in correctional programs with a nontreatment comparison group. Odds ratios ranged from 1.36 to 1.76, indicating significant reductions in recidivism for offenders participating in correctional programs, regardless of ethnic status. Furthermore, the difference in effect size magnitude between ethnic groups was nonsignificant suggesting offenders from a wide variety of ethnic backgrounds can benefit from correctional programs rigorously developed and implemented using a CBT framework.
众多研究探讨了认知行为疗法（CBT）对犯罪再犯的影响，多项元分析证实了该方法的总体有效性。然而，很少有研究专门考察这些项目对不同种族背景成年罪犯的疗效。本研究采用元分析技术，根据自我认定的种族群体（白种人、原住民、黑人及其他），考察参与惩教项目的加拿大联邦罪犯的结果。加拿大惩教服务局的惩教项目遵循有效惩教文献中概述的风险、需求、反应性原则。组内分析将参与惩教项目的同一种族背景罪犯与非治疗对照组进行比较。优势比在1.36至1.76之间，表明参与惩教项目的罪犯再犯率显著降低，无论其种族身份如何。此外，不同种族群体之间效应大小的差异不显著，这表明来自各种种族背景的罪犯都可以从使用CBT框架严格制定和实施的惩教项目中受益。
