U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Station, Vallejo, CA 94592, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2013 Feb 15;67(1-2):100-6. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.11.027. Epub 2012 Dec 25.
Birds are often the most numerous vertebrates damaged and rehabilitated in marine oil spills; however, the efficacy of avian rehabilitation is frequently debated and rarely examined experimentally. We compared survival of three radio-marked treatment groups, oiled, rehabilitated (ORHB), un-oiled, rehabilitated (RHB), and un-oiled, non-rehabilitated (CON), in an experimental approach to examine post-release survival of surf scoters (Melanitta perspicillata) following the 2007 M/V Cosco Busan spill in San Francisco Bay. Live encounter-dead recovery modeling indicated that survival differed among treatment groups and over time since release. The survival estimate (±SE) for ORHB was 0.143±0.107 compared to CON (0.498±0.168) and RHB groups (0.772±0.229), suggesting scoters tolerated the rehabilitation process itself well, but oiling resulted in markedly lower survival. Future efforts to understand the physiological effects of oil type and severity on scoters are needed to improve post-release survival of this species.
鸟类通常是在海洋石油泄漏中受损和康复的最多的脊椎动物；然而，鸟类康复的效果经常受到争议，很少进行实验性检查。我们比较了三种经过无线电标记的处理组的存活率，即油污组（ORHB）、康复组（RHB）和未油污、未康复组（CON），这是一种实验方法，用于检查 2007 年“中远釜山”号在旧金山湾溢油事件后，斑海番鸭（Melanitta perspicillata）的释放后存活情况。现场目击-死亡恢复模型表明，处理组之间以及释放后时间的生存差异。ORHB 的生存估计值（±SE）为 0.143±0.107，而 CON（0.498±0.168）和 RHB 组（0.772±0.229），表明番鸭本身很好地耐受了康复过程，但油污导致的存活率明显降低。未来需要努力了解油类和严重程度对番鸭的生理影响，以提高该物种的释放后存活率。
