Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2013 Mar 5;75:207-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.11.039. Epub 2012 Dec 7.
Illicium verum (Chinese star anise) dried fruit is popularly used as a remedy to treat infant colic. However, instances of life-threatening adverse events in infants have been recorded after use, in some cases due to substitution and/or adulteration of I. verum with Illicium anisatum (Japanese star anise), which is toxic. It is evident that rapid and efficient quality control methods are of utmost importance to prevent re-occurrence of such dire consequences. The potential of short wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging and image analysis as a rapid quality control method to distinguish between I. anisatum and I. verum whole dried fruit was investigated. Images were acquired using a sisuChema SWIR hyperspectral pushbroom imaging system with a spectral range of 920-2514 nm. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the images to reduce the high dimensionality of the data, remove unwanted background and to visualise the data. A classification model with 4 principal components and an R²X_cum of 0.84 and R²Y_cum of 0.81 was developed for the 2 species using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The model was subsequently used to accurately predict the identity of I. anisatum (98.42%) and I. verum (97.85%) introduced into the model as an external dataset. The results show that SWIR hyperspectral imaging is an objective and non-destructive quality control method that can be successfully used to identify whole dried fruit of I. anisatum and I. verum. In addition, this method has the potential to detect I. anisatum whole dried fruits within large batches of I. verum through upscaling to a conveyor belt system.
八角（中国八角）干果实常被用作治疗婴儿绞痛的药物。然而，在使用后，婴儿出现危及生命的不良事件的情况时有记录，在某些情况下，这是由于八角（中国八角）被有毒的八角（日本八角）替代和/或掺假所致。显然，快速有效的质量控制方法对于防止此类严重后果的再次发生至关重要。本研究旨在探索短波近红外（SWIR）高光谱成像和图像分析作为一种快速质量控制方法，用于区分八角（日本八角）和八角（中国八角）整个干果实。使用 sisuChema SWIR 高光谱推扫成像系统采集图像，光谱范围为 920-2514nm。主成分分析（PCA）被应用于图像，以降低数据的高维性，去除不需要的背景，并可视化数据。使用偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）为这两个物种建立了一个包含 4 个主成分的分类模型，其 R²X_cum 为 0.84，R²Y_cum 为 0.81。该模型随后被用于准确预测作为外部数据集引入的八角（日本八角）（98.42%）和八角（中国八角）（97.85%）的身份。结果表明，SWIR 高光谱成像技术是一种客观、无损的质量控制方法，可成功用于识别八角（日本八角）和八角（中国八角）的整个干果实。此外，该方法具有通过放大到输送带系统来检测大量八角（中国八角）中八角（日本八角）整个干果实的潜力。
