1958年英国出生队列中成人精神分裂症的风险及其与儿童智商的关系。
Risk of adult schizophrenia and its relationship to childhood IQ in the 1958 British birth cohort.
作者信息
Schulz Joerg, Sundin Josefin, Leask Stuart, Done D John
机构信息
To whom correspondence should be addressed; Centre for Life Span and Chronic Illness Research, School of Psychology, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL10 9AB, UK; tel: +44 (0)1707286292, fax: +44 1707285104, e-mail:
出版信息
Schizophr Bull. 2014 Jan;40(1):143-51. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbs157. Epub 2012 Dec 30.
BACKGROUND
An inverse relationship between risk of schizophrenia and premorbid IQ is a robust empirical finding. Cognitive impairment may be a core feature of schizophrenia in addition to the clinical symptoms that have historically defined the disorder.
AIMS
To evaluate whether risk of schizophrenia increases linearly or nonlinearly with the lowering of premorbid IQ after adjustment for a range of confounding factors.
METHODS
IQ data from the 1958 National Child Development Study, a prospective national birth cohort (n = 17 419), were linked with psychiatric admissions in England and Wales over a 20-year period. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition diagnoses were derived from case notes.
RESULTS
A clear nonlinear inverse relationship between general intelligence at ages 7 and 11 and risk of adult psychosis was found even after adjustment for potential social, behavioral, or demographic confounding factors. No such relationship was found for affective disorders.
CONCLUSIONS
The nonlinear relationship suggests an excess risk of schizophrenia in children with premorbid IQ in the learning disabilities range. Previous reports of a linear relationship are likely to be a result of less sensitive statistical methods for detecting nonlinearity.
背景
精神分裂症风险与病前智商之间呈负相关是一项确凿的实证研究结果。除了历来用于界定该疾病的临床症状外，认知障碍可能是精神分裂症的一个核心特征。
目的
在对一系列混杂因素进行校正后，评估精神分裂症风险是否随着病前智商的降低呈线性或非线性增加。
方法
来自1958年全国儿童发展研究（一项前瞻性全国出生队列研究，n = 17419）的智商数据与英格兰和威尔士20年间的精神病住院记录相关联。《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版的诊断来自病例记录。
结果
即使对潜在的社会、行为或人口统计学混杂因素进行校正后，仍发现7岁和11岁时的一般智力与成人精神病风险之间存在明显的非线性负相关。情感障碍未发现此类关系。
结论
这种非线性关系表明，病前智商处于学习障碍范围内的儿童患精神分裂症的风险过高。先前关于线性关系的报道可能是由于检测非线性的统计方法不够灵敏所致。
Zotero 插件