Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2013 Feb;47(2):117-20. doi: 10.1177/0004867412471439. Epub 2013 Jan 7.
E-mental health technologies are increasing rapidly, both in number and in utilisation by consumers, health systems and researchers. This review aimed to: (i) examine the features and scientific evidence for e-mental health programs; (ii) describe the growth in these programs in the past decade, and track the extent and quality of scientific research over time; and (iii) examine Australian and international contribution to the field.
Two types of e-mental health programs; 'web interventions' and mobile applications'; targeting depression, bipolar disorder, generalised anxiety disorder, social anxiety, panic disorder and general stress were included. Data were collected from the Beacon website (www.beacon.anu.edu.au; last updated July 2011). Features of each program and their supporting scientific evidence were coded.
In total, 62 web interventions and 11 mobile applications were identified. Half of these were developed in Australia. The majority of programs were aimed towards adults and were based upon cognitive behavioural therapy. Approximately equal numbers of programs were developed for all targeted disorders except bipolar disorder, which was underrepresented. Only 35.5% of programs, all of which were web-based, had been evaluated by at least one RCT. The number of publications over the last decade is increasing. The majority were from Australian sources. Non-Australian research was lower in diversity and quantity.
E-mental health research is increasing globally. Australia continues to be an international leader in this field. Depression, anxiety and panic disorder remain the disorders most targeted. Whilst the scientific evidence supporting e-mental health programs is growing, a substantial lack of high-quality empirical support was evident across the field, particularly for mobile applications and bipolar and social anxiety.
电子心理健康技术的数量和消费者、医疗系统和研究人员的使用量都在迅速增加。本研究旨在：（i）检查电子心理健康计划的特点和科学证据；（ii）描述过去十年中这些计划的增长情况，并跟踪随时间推移的科学研究的范围和质量；（iii）检查澳大利亚和国际在该领域的贡献。
包括针对抑郁症、双相情感障碍、广泛性焦虑症、社交焦虑症、惊恐障碍和一般压力的两种类型的电子心理健康计划；“网络干预”和移动应用程序”。数据来自 Beacon 网站（www.beacon.anu.edu.au；最后更新日期为 2011 年 7 月）。对每个程序的功能及其支持的科学证据进行编码。
总共确定了 62 个网络干预和 11 个移动应用程序。其中一半是在澳大利亚开发的。大多数计划面向成年人，基于认知行为疗法。除了双相情感障碍，针对所有目标疾病的计划数量大致相等，但后者代表性不足。只有 35.5%的计划（全部是基于网络的）至少经过一项 RCT 评估。过去十年中出版物的数量在增加。其中大多数来自澳大利亚来源。非澳大利亚的研究在多样性和数量上都较低。
电子心理健康研究在全球范围内正在增加。澳大利亚继续在该领域处于国际领先地位。抑郁症、焦虑症和惊恐障碍仍然是最受关注的疾病。尽管支持电子心理健康计划的科学证据在不断增加，但整个领域明显缺乏高质量的实证支持，特别是针对移动应用程序和双相情感障碍和社交焦虑症。
