注意缺陷多动障碍与不良健康结局。
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and adverse health outcomes.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States.
出版信息
Clin Psychol Rev. 2013 Mar;33(2):215-28. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2012.11.005. Epub 2012 Dec 7.
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is defined by extreme levels of inattention-disorganization and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. In DSM-IV, the diagnostic criteria required impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning. With DSM-5 publication imminent in 2013, further evaluation of impairment in ADHD is timely. This article reviews the current state of knowledge on health-related impairments of ADHD, including smoking, drug abuse, accidental injury, sleep, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and suicidal behavior. It concludes by suggesting the need for new avenues of research on mechanisms of association and the potential for ADHD to be an early warning sign for secondary prevention of some poor health outcomes.
摘要
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的定义是极度的注意力不集中-组织混乱和/或多动-冲动。在 DSM-IV 中，诊断标准需要在社交、学术或职业功能方面存在损害。随着 2013 年 DSM-5 的出版，对 ADHD 损害的进一步评估是及时的。本文综述了 ADHD 与健康相关损害的现有知识状态，包括吸烟、药物滥用、意外伤害、睡眠、肥胖、高血压、糖尿病和自杀行为。本文最后提出需要新的研究途径来探讨关联的机制，以及 ADHD 作为某些不良健康结果二级预防的早期预警信号的可能性。
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