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等长和动态后激活增强方案对最大冲刺表现的影响。

Effects of isometric and dynamic postactivation potentiation protocols on maximal sprint performance.

机构信息

1Sports Science Center, Singapore Sports Institute, Singapore 2Physical Education and Sports Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.

出版信息

J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Oct;27(10):2730-6. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182815995.

Abstract

This study examined the effects of 3 types of postactivation potentiation (PAP) protocols (single-joint isometric, multijoint isometric, and multijoint dynamic) on subsequent 10-m, 20-m and 30-m sprint performance in 12 well-trained male track athletes (mean ± SD age = 22.4 ± 3.2 years). The subjects performed 4 protocols in a randomized order on different days as follows: control (4 minutes of passive rest), maximum voluntary isometric knee extension (3 repetitions of 3-second isometric knee extension), maximum voluntary isometric back squat (3 repetitions of 3-second isometric squat), and dynamic back squat (3 repetitions of back squats at 90% 1 repetition maximum). After each protocol, a 4-minute recovery period was incorporated before a 30-m maximal sprint assessment. Maximal sprint times at 10 m, 20 m, and 30 m were measured using timing gates to reflect sprint performance. One-way repeated measures analyses of variance revealed no differences in sprint performance among the 4 protocols at 10-m, 20-m, or 30-m intervals. There were, however, large individual variations in the response to the PAP protocols with some athletes benefiting from the PAP effect and others not. In summary, this study showed no enhancement of short-distance sprint performance after PAP protocols with a 4-minute recovery period, regardless of isometric or dynamics, single-joint or multijoint. Coaches considering the use of PAP protocols to improve sprinting performance of their athletes should exploit the effectiveness of different PAP protocols on an individual basis.

摘要

本研究考察了 3 种不同类型的后激活增强(PAP)方案(单关节等长、多关节等长和多关节动力)对 12 名训练有素的男性田径运动员随后的 10 米、20 米和 30 米短跑表现的影响(平均±标准差年龄=22.4±3.2 岁)。受试者在不同的日子里以随机顺序完成 4 种方案,如下所示:对照组(4 分钟被动休息)、最大自主等长膝关节伸展(3 次 3 秒等长膝关节伸展)、最大自主等长深蹲(3 次 3 秒等长深蹲)和动力深蹲(3 次 90%1 次最大重复的深蹲)。在每个方案之后,加入 4 分钟恢复期,然后进行 30 米最大冲刺评估。使用计时门测量 10 米、20 米和 30 米的最大冲刺时间,以反映冲刺表现。单向重复测量方差分析显示,在 10 米、20 米或 30 米的时间间隔内,4 种方案之间的冲刺表现没有差异。然而,对于 PAP 方案的反应存在很大的个体差异,一些运动员受益于 PAP 效应,而另一些则没有。总之,本研究表明,在 4 分钟恢复期后,无论等长还是动力、单关节还是多关节,PAP 方案都不能提高短距离冲刺表现。考虑使用 PAP 方案来提高运动员短跑表现的教练应该根据个人情况利用不同 PAP 方案的有效性。

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