Kheradpir M H, Bodaghi E
Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Clinic Children's Hospital, Teheran, Iran.
Urol Int. 1990;45(2):99-103. doi: 10.1159/000281679.
Between 1972 and 1984 148 children with urolithiasis were studied and managed at the University Clinic Children's Hospital of Teheran. In 125 children the calculi were in the upper and in 23 children in the lower urinary tract. The maximum incidence was between the ages of 5-8 and 12 years. 25 children had malformations and 16 had metabolic disorders. Cystinuria was observed in 6 and xanthinuria in 3 cases. The main constituents of calculi analyses in the upper urinary tract were calcium oxalate followed by ammonium acid urate. In the lower urinary tract ammonium acid urate and oxalate were seen with equal frequency, followed by uric acid. 16 children had staghorn calculi with an age profile of 5-13 years. Predominant symptoms were flank pain and gross hematuria. In 4 cases the calculi were bilateral. The calculi were removed successfully by pyelotomy and extensive pyelolithotomy. In 2 cases with more branched-out staghorn calculi and separate fragments, a logitudinal extensive nephrotomy was performed. In the absence of recurrent stones, renal growth and function were satisfactory postoperatively. In the majority of the cases the analyses of the staghorn calculi revealed phosphate.
1972年至1984年间，德黑兰大学临床儿童医院对148例尿石症患儿进行了研究和治疗。125例患儿结石位于上尿路，23例位于下尿路。发病高峰年龄在5 - 8岁和12岁之间。25例患儿有畸形，16例有代谢紊乱。6例观察到胱氨酸尿症，3例观察到黄嘌呤尿症。上尿路结石分析的主要成分是草酸钙，其次是尿酸铵。在下尿路，尿酸铵和草酸盐出现频率相同，其次是尿酸。16例患儿有鹿角形结石，年龄在5 - 13岁之间。主要症状为胁腹痛和肉眼血尿。4例结石为双侧性。通过肾盂切开术和广泛的肾盂取石术成功取出结石。2例鹿角形结石分支较多且有分离碎片的患儿，进行了纵向广泛肾切开术。在无复发性结石的情况下，术后肾脏生长和功能良好。大多数鹿角形结石分析显示含有磷酸盐。
