Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo 0403, Norway.
Child Dev. 2013 Jul-Aug;84(4):1152-70. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12040. Epub 2013 Jan 11.
Associations between maternal reports of hours in child care and children's externalizing problems at 18 and 36 months of age were examined in a population-based Norwegian sample (n = 75,271). Within a sociopolitical context of homogenously high-quality child care, there was little evidence that high quantity of care causes externalizing problems. Using conventional approaches to handling selection bias and listwise deletion for substantial attrition in this sample, more hours in care predicted higher problem levels, yet with small effect sizes. The finding, however, was not robust to using multiple imputation for missing values. Moreover, when sibling and individual fixed-effects models for handling selection bias were used, no relation between hours and problems was evident.
在挪威的一个基于人群的样本中（n=75271），研究了母亲报告的儿童在日托中心的时间与儿童在 18 个月和 36 个月时的外化问题之间的关联。在同质高质量的儿童保育的社会政治背景下，几乎没有证据表明大量的保育会导致外化问题。在这个样本中，使用传统的方法来处理选择偏差和列表删除对大量的缺失数据进行处理，结果显示在保育中花费的时间越多，问题水平越高，但效应量很小。然而，当使用多重插补法处理缺失值时，这个发现就不那么可靠了。此外，当使用处理选择偏差的兄弟姐妹和个体固定效应模型时，没有发现时间和问题之间的关系。
