Laboratory of Biomechanics and Motor Behavior, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Phys Ther Sport. 2013 Feb;14(1):35-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2012.02.005. Epub 2012 Jun 19.
To examine the influence of a preventative training program (PTP) on sagittal plane kinematics during different landing tasks and vertical jump height (VJH) in males.
Six weeks prospective exercise intervention.
Fifteen male volleyball athletes (13 ± 0.7 years, 1.70 ± 0.12 m, 60 ± 12 kg).
PTP consisting of plyometric, balance and core stability exercises three times per week for six weeks. Bilateral vertical jumps with double leg (DL) and single leg (SL) landings were performed to measure the effects of training.
Kinematics of the knee and hip before and after training and VJH attained during both tasks after training. The hypothesis was that the PTP would produce improvements in VJH, but would not generate great changes in biomechanical behavior.
The only change identified for the SL was the longest duration of landing, which represents the time spent from initial ground contact to maximum knee flexion, after training, while increased angular displacement of the knee was observed during DL. The training did not significantly alter the VJH in either the SL (difference: 2.7 cm) or the DL conditions (difference: 3.5 cm).
Despite the PTP's effectiveness in inducing some changes in kinematics, the changes were specific for each task, which highlights the importance of the specificity and individuality in selecting prevention injury exercises. Despite the absence of significant increases in the VJH, the absolute differences after training showed increases corroborating with the findings of statistically powerful studies that compared the results with control groups. The results suggest that short-term PTPs in low risk young male volleyball athletes may enhance performance and induce changes in some kinematic parameters.
研究预防训练计划（PTP）对男性不同着陆任务和垂直跳跃高度（VJH）矢状面运动学的影响。
六周前瞻性运动干预。
15 名男性排球运动员（13±0.7 岁，1.70±0.12 米，60±12 公斤）。
每周三次进行包含增强式、平衡和核心稳定性练习的 PTP，共六周。进行双侧垂直跳跃，双腿（DL）和单腿（SL）着陆，以测量训练效果。
训练前后膝关节和髋关节的运动学以及训练后两项任务中达到的 VJH。假设是 PTP 将提高 VJH，但不会对生物力学行为产生重大变化。
仅在 SL 中发现了一个变化，即着陆的最长持续时间，即从初始地面接触到最大膝关节屈曲的时间，训练后增加了，而在 DL 中观察到了膝关节的角度位移增加。训练并未显著改变 SL（差异：2.7 厘米）或 DL 条件（差异：3.5 厘米）中的 VJH。
尽管 PTP 在诱导运动学某些变化方面有效，但这些变化是针对每个任务的，这强调了在选择预防受伤练习时特异性和个体性的重要性。尽管 VJH 没有显著增加，但训练后的绝对差异显示出增加，与比较结果与对照组的统计有力研究的发现相符。结果表明，低风险年轻男性排球运动员的短期 PTP 可能会提高表现并诱导一些运动学参数的变化。
