Department of Behavioral Sciences, Christian Brothers University, Memphis, Tennessee 38104, USA.
Psychophysiology. 2013 Mar;50(3):308-13. doi: 10.1111/psyp.12012. Epub 2013 Jan 14.
Previous ERP studies have provided mixed information about ADHD, especially in adults and when conscious attention to stimuli is not required. We used the auditory N1 to assess automatic attention in adults with and without ADHD. While participants watched a silent video, trains of 5 tones (400-ms onset-to-onset time) were presented with intertrain intervals (ITIs) of 1 or 5 s. The P1, N1, P2, and N2 were analyzed. Compared to controls, participants with ADHD had relatively little N1 attenuation after the 5-s ITI, which was driven by uniformly small N1s to all tones. However, after the 1-s ITI, the ADHD group had relatively large N2s to all 5 tones in the train. The reduced N1 in adults with ADHD indicated reduced automatic attention to salient sound stimuli, which may be due to reduced function of brain-stem arousal mechanisms. However, the increased N2 in these participants suggests they had developed certain compensatory mechanisms.
先前的 ERP 研究对 ADHD 提供了一些混杂的信息，尤其是在成年人中，且当不需要有意识地注意刺激时更是如此。我们使用听觉 N1 来评估 ADHD 成人和非 ADHD 成人的自动注意。当参与者观看无声视频时，会以 1 或 5 秒的间训间隔（ITI）呈现 5 个音的音训（400ms 起始至起始时间）。分析了 P1、N1、P2 和 N2。与对照组相比，ADHD 参与者在 5 秒 ITI 后 N1 衰减相对较少，这是由所有音的均匀小 N1 驱动的。然而，在 1 秒 ITI 后，ADHD 组对音训中的所有 5 个音都有相对较大的 N2。ADHD 成年人中减少的 N1 表明他们对显著声音刺激的自动注意力降低，这可能是由于脑干唤醒机制的功能降低所致。然而，这些参与者的 N2 增加表明他们已经发展出某些补偿机制。
